Mode) a- Insert Design bingSen List four causes of Fe deficiency. condition, not

Question

Mode) a- Insert Design bingSen List four causes of Fe deficiency. condition, not a cause. (4 points) 5) Note: Anemia is a condition not a symptom and being pregnant is a 6) Describe 3 specific groups within a population who are risk for Fe deficiency anemia independent of socioeconomic status and explain the physiological basis for their risk of developing Fe deficiency anemia. (Think about the dietary sources of iron, who does or does not eat those sources, and the changing body needs for iron through lifespan). (3 points)

Explanation / Answer

as per your question i only mention few causes of IDA....not eaplaniing...

few causes explanation done in 2nd question ...

1. causes of iron deficiency anaemia...........

1. diatory deficiency.

2. Decreased absorption... as in cases of

a. Autoimmune gastritis
b. Celiac sprue
c. Helicobacter pylori gastritis
d. Hereditary iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia
e. Zinc deficiency

3. chronic Blood loss as ....

a. Gastrointestinal
b. Menstrual
c. Blood donation
d. Hemoglobinuria

4. Iron sequestration as Pulmonary hemosiderosis

5. Increased requirements as ....
a. Pregnancy
b. Lactation

6. ideopathic

2... 3 specfic group in the population who are at risk for IDA with physiological basis (other than socieoeconomic status)

tthe 3 specfic group who are prone to devlopment of IDA ARE

1. DIATORY DEFICIENCY OF IRON AND DEFECTIVE ABSORPTION OF IRON

2. CHRONIC BLOOD LOSS

3. INCRESASE REQUIREMENT OF IRON AS PER PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS

NOW ...

1. DIATORY DEFICIENCY OF IRON AND DEFECTIVE ABSORPTION OF IRON------

The total body iron in a 70-kg man is about 4 g and it is maintained by a balance between absorption and body losses.The average adult diet contains 10–15 mg of iron per day. About 10% of this amount is absorbed in the
stomach, duodenum, and upper jejunum under acidic conditions so the body only absorbs 1 mg daily to maintain equilibrium,

Diminished absorption usually is due to an insufficient intake of dietary iron in an absorbable form. and inside the body in iron absorption the major iron transporter from the diet across the intestinal lumen is ferroportin, which also facilitates the transport of iron to apotransferrin in macrophages for delivery to erythroid cells prepared to synthesize hemoglobin. Hepcidin, which is increasingly produced during inflammation, negatively regulates iron transport by promoting the degradation of ferroportin.

so ultimately deficient iron intake and defective iron transport iwth absorption leads to devlopment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia..

2. CHRONIC BLOOD LOSS.....With hemorrhage, there is decreased oxygen delivery to the kidneys resulting in stabilization of a hypoxia-inducible factor in the kidneys and increased erythropoietin generation in the kidneys and liver.

the erythropoietin stimulates erythropoiesis, leading to an increased synthesis of erythroferrone. In turn, erythroferrone suppresses hepcidin synthesis leading to ferroportin stability and enhanced iron transport across
the gastrointestinal lumen.

this pathway leads to state of IDA..

3. INCRESASE REQUIREMENT OF IRON AS PER PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS.........In general, iron metabolism is balanced between absorption of 1 mg/day and loss of 1 mg/day.

Pregnancy and lactation upset the iron balance, since requirements ncrease to 2–5 mg of iron per day. Normal dietary iron cannot supply these requirements, and medicinal iron is needed during pregnancy and lactation.....

SO WE FINISHED THE COMMON CAUSES AND IMPORTANT PATHWAY QITH THE PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF IDA...

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