11. Label-free detection is often preferred over labelled detection schemes in B
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11. Label-free detection is often preferred over labelled detection schemes in Biosensor design because (State one plausible reason): 12. Enzyme linked Immunoassay (ELISA) ?s an example of a: a. Label free detection scheme b. Labelled detection scheme c. It doesn't qualify as a biosensing scheme d. None of the above 13. TRUE/FALSE: An optical ring resonator biosensor is an example of an evanescent field biosensor. 14. I am trying to develop an optical ring resonator biosensor for detecting a special biomolecule with a refractive index of 1.33 and a size of 20 nm. I functionalize the surface of my optical ring so that the biomolecule could specifically bind to its surface. I run the experiment by immersing my optical ring in water (refractive index 1.33) and measuring the resonance frequency shifts as a function of wavelength of light launched. After a long time of waiting (enough to form a layer of the biomolecule over the surface of the optical ring). I still do not see a significant shift in the resonance wavelength that is over the background noise value. In few sentences, describe where I failed in my thought process. Why did I not observe any shifts?Explanation / Answer
11. Label free biosensor is better.
Bcause:
A label is defined as any foreign molecule that is chemically or temporarily attached to the molecule of interest to detect molecular presence or activity, which can potentially alter its intrinsic properties. It requires a labeling process as a preparation step that is usually low yield, combining synthesis and purification. Fluorescent, chemiluminescent, and nanoparticle labeling usually involves covalent bonding through coupling chemistries, while some of electrochemically active probe labeling requires only temporary attachment of intermolecular bonding. Isotopic labeling implicates “light” and “heavy” elements being incorporated into target molecules to result a detectable difference.
Meanwhile, label-free detection methods utilize molecular biophysical properties such as molecular weight (e.g., in microcantilever and MS), refractive index (e.g., in SPR, LSPR, and AR) and molecular charge to monitor molecular presence or activity. Furthermore, these methods can be used to track molecular events in a real-time manner. In a typical biosensing process, molecular interactions are transduced as mechanical, electrical, or optical signals, and are thus detectable without any label probes. The main advantage for label-free detection is that more direct information can be acquired, as the methods use only native proteins and ligands.
12.) b. Labelled detection schme
13) True
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