1.On the address bus, what is the direction of information flow (from which comp
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Question
1.On the address bus, what is the direction of information flow (from which component to which component)? 2. On the data bus, what is the direction of information flow (from which component to which component)? 3. What is the range of memory addresses that 68HC12 can read or write in decimal? that 68HC12 can read or write in hexadecimal? What is the range of memory addresses . Fill the blanks a. S1234 b. !Megabyte = c. When we say that we have 1 Kbyte memory and the memory starts at address $2000, the 2 (binary) bytes in decimal address of the last byte of this memory is (answer in hexadecimal). 5. Identify the addressing mode for each of the following instructions: i) STAA ii) LDD iii) STAB iv LDD (V BRA (vi CPX (i LDD viii MUL S1000 040,SP S0010 #5420 Label 1.Y 6. Machine code for LDAB $2086 is (7B, 20, 86). (Assuming data bus is 16 bit)? (1) How many memory bytes need to be read during the fetch and execution of this instruction? (2) How many memory accesses are required to fetch and execute this instruction? contents of a memory location to register A where the memory location 7. Write a macro SUM that adds the is passed from macro argument. 8. Given the following program. BITO: BITa BITb: EQU I EQU 162 EQU 22 ldab #BITa What is the hexadecimal value of register A and register B after the execution of this program?Explanation / Answer
1) direction of address bus is from Microcontroller to Memory
2) Direction of Data bus is bidirectional , from Microcontroller to Memory and from Memory to Microcontroller
3)
i) 68HC12 has 16 bit address (Range of memory address)
0 to (2^16 -1) = 0 TO 65535
ii) In hexadecimal from
0000 to FFFF
4)
a) $1234 = (0001 0010 0011 0100)
b) 1 Mbyte = 2^20 = 1048576 Bytes
c) 1 Kbyte = 2^10 byte = (11 1111 1111) = 3FF
Range of address ==>
$2000 to $23FF
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