1. Figure I below shows a part of an electric motor vehicle (EV). The Potentiome
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1. Figure I below shows a part of an electric motor vehicle (EV). The Potentiometer measures anguiar position of each wheel of the EV. Both Potentiometer and DC motor are analog systems. Potentiometer Digital Computing device Circuit 5 Circuit 6 Circuits 1, 2, 3,4 DC Motor Fig. 1 1) The “Circuits 1, 2, 3, and 4” block on Figure 1 requires at least four significantly important circuits. They are a low pass filter, differentiator, voltage divider, and analog to digital converter. List them in a proper order. Explain your reason why you arrange them in such order. Also explain roles of them. 2) Provide a solution to remove needs of the low pass filter, voltage divider, and analog to digital converter,Explanation / Answer
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1) The potentiometer measures the angular position of each wheel. Usually dc motor sub-systems in an EV are in speed control mode i.e. the speed signal is to be measured. Thus we get the speed signal after differentiating the angular position. Once differentiation is performed, there is a possibility of high frequency noise getting amplified, since the differentiatot is essentially a high pass filter. Thus, a low pass filter is kept at the output of the differentiator. Now, a voltage divider circuit is kept at the output of the low pass filter to scale the voltage in such a manner that it falls within the acceptable input range of the analog to digital converter. Thus the order of the circuits are as follows: 1. Differentiator 2. Low Pass Filter 3. Voltage Divider 4. Analog to digital converter
2) We can remove the blocks 2, 3 and 4 by replacing them with a microcontroller and implementing the required functionality as embedded code. Another way would be to employ an op-amp circuit to implement the low pass filter and voltage divider, and subtracting this voltage from a reference voltage (by another opamp), to implement the feedback control.
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