Explain how Mendel\'s law of segregation applies to the distribution of alleles

Question

Explain how Mendel's law of segregation applies to the distribution of alleles in gametes. Assume that production of hairs on a plant's leaves is controlled by a single gene with two alleles, dominant) and It (recessive). Hairy leaves are dominant to smooth (nonhairy) leaves. (a) Name the genotype(s) of a smooth-leaved plant. ____ (b) Name the genotype(s) of a hairy-leaved plant ____ (c) What are the possible genotypes of gametes produced by the smooth-leaved plant? ____ (d) What are the possible genotypes of gametes produced by the hairy-leaved plant? ____ Non-true-breeding hairy-leaved plants are crossed with smooth-leaved plants. (a)What genotypic and phenotypic ratios would you expect for the potential offspring? ____ (b) Suppose you perform such a cross, collect data, and do a chi-square test to aid in data analysis. How many degrees of freedom would there be? ____ (c) Suppose your chi-square value is very large (

Explanation / Answer

1. Mendal proposed two principles by his experiments known as law of segregation and law of independent assortment. The discrete factors (alleles of genes) which determine the hereditary characteristics appear in pairs and one of the each pairs is inherited from each parent. During the meiosis the pairs of the factors are separated or segregated due to which the gamete produced by an offspring contains only a single member of the pair. The inheritance of the discrete factor from generation to generation and its appearing and disappearing was proved by monohybrid cross. In which, the dominant (3) and the recessive (1) characteristics are inherited due to segregation of alleles.

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