Scenario/Introduction/Background Information 3 The Distribution Code is a set of

Question

Scenario/Introduction/Background Information 3

The Distribution Code is a set of technical regulation established to make certain the operations at the distribution level are being carried out systematically. The Codes will set the regulations and technical requirements that need to be carried out by all party involved in the planning, managing and maintaining the grid and distribution systems to ensure security, safety and reliability at all time. The following shows the structure of the Power System, connected Parties and applicable codes:

Task 3 (CLO2)

By using Malaysian Grid code that can be extract from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) website, describe briefly the process in generation, transmission and distribution system by TNB base on figure T3.

Power System, Parties & Codes External Parties External Parties THE GRID SYSTEM Directly Directly EG Customers Customers Generator TNB Transmission Main Transmission System ransmisaion Sys at 132kW and 66kV Distribution Sy stem at 33kV and below (500kV and 275k umers Distribution Generation Transmission System System EG GNetwork Operaton Network Operators TOTAL POWER SYSTEM Grid Code Distribution Code

Explanation / Answer

In general,a normal power generation and distribution system involves collecting data about the demand in the particular area,the possibilities for setting up power plants,proper planning of number of generating units required,their ratings,taking account of other factors like voltage fluctuation,frequency variations,black out problems,connecting units in order to deliver power to consumer points etc.

The Malaysian Grid Code explains the generation process as follows:-

GENERATION:-

Generation involves planning processes like

load forecasting-this takes into account the history or previous datas planned earlier so that generation can be done based on increase or decrease in demand when compared to previous situation.

Generation adequency planning and transmission adequency planning

In this process,the amount of demand to be fulfilled is calculated and layouts are designed by users and GSO. The deviations in the layouts are corrected and then datas like real and reactive powers,voltage and harmonic studies are carried out.The number of generators required to generate power are calculated based on the demand and taking into black out conditions.

TRANSMISSION:-

While connecting units together,the variations are taken into account. Grid frequency variations,load inbalance are considered. During transmission voltage step up and step down processes are down at respective points.

Sometimes from transmission systems rated from 500KV to 275KV, the power is taken by the network operators and connected to other generating units.

DISTRIBUTION:-

This is the point where the generated power is delivered to the consumers. According to the need of customers like commercial,industrial etc the voltage is varied and delivered.Distribution systems at 33KV and below are connected accordingly to the consumers. Distribution system is connected to other consumers via embedded systems which provide safety factors like undervoltage detection,load shedding,disconnection in case of load inbalance etc.

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