1) Define Systolic and Diastolic pressure. 2) How do you calculate MAP (mean art
ID: 2249529 • Letter: 1
Question
1) Define Systolic and Diastolic pressure. 2) How do you calculate MAP (mean arterial pressure)? If a patient has a systolic pressure of 110 and a diastolic pressure of 70, calculate their MARP 3) What happens to a patient's blood pressure measurement if it is taken above their head during the reading (i.e. above heart level)? 4) You are consistently measuring high blood pressures (>160 systole and >100 diastole) and the doctor thinks that you may have hypertension. Name three strategies for lowering your blood pressure for your next yearly visit. 5) Explain how to measure blood pressure with a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer. Start with pumping air in the cuff and end with getting a reading.Explanation / Answer
SYSTOLIC PRESSURE : The pressure exerted by blood flowing through arteries is not constant, but is dynamic, and constantly reflects what the heart is doing at a given moment.
When the heart is actively beating (an event called “systole”), it is ejecting blood out into the arteries. This dynamic ejection of blood into the arteries causes the pressure within the arteries to rise. The peak blood pressure reached during active cardiac contraction is called the systolic blood pressure.
A “normal” systolic blood pressure when a person is sitting quietly is 120 mmHG or below.
When a person is exercising, during periods of emotional stress, or at any other time when the heart is stimulated to beat more strongly than at rest, the force of cardiac contraction increases — and the systolic pressure goes up. The increase in systolic blood pressure that occurs during these conditions of cardiac stress is entirely normal.
This explains why it is so important to measure the blood pressure during periods of quiet rest before diagnosing hypertension.
If the systolic blood pressure is lower than normal, systolic hypotension is said to be present. If systolic hypotension is severe enough, it can cause lightheadedness, dizziness, syncope, or (if it lasts long enough), organ failure. Systolic hypotension can occur if the blood volume becomes too low (as with severe dehydration or a major bleeding episode), if the heart muscle becomes too weak to eject the blood normally (a condition known as cardiomyopathy ), or if the blood vessels become too dilated (as in vasovagal syncope ). A common condition that produces systolic hypotension is orthostatic hypotension.
DIASTOLIC PRESSURE:
The diastolic blood pressure is the pressure the blood exerts within the arteries in between heartbeats, that is, when the heart is not actively ejecting blood into the arteries.
After the heart is finished contracting, the cardiac ventricles relax momentarily so that they can be refilled with blood, in preparation for the next contraction. This period of ventricular relaxation is called “diastole,” and the blood pressure during diastole is called the diastolic blood pressure.
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