A) Explain the most likely reason for female C\'s eggs all being infertile in ma

Question

A) Explain the most likely reason for female C's eggs all being infertile in male X's nest.

B) Only 4 of the hatchlings from X's nest are of one sex, while the other 10 are the opposite sex. What is the likely sex of the 4 hatchlings, and which female is likely their mother? Explain your answer.

C) Explain in detail the anatomical and biological basis for the one fertile egg produced in Z's nest (parthenogensis is not an acceptable answer).

D) From Y's nest, there were 4 males and 10 females hatchlings produced. You need to hypothesize and tell me based on the information given who is the father of the 4 males and who is the father of the 10 females, and explain the biology behind how this paternity pattern resulted.

E) In X's nest, 9 of the eggs contained extra androgens, Which hens produced these eggs and explain why each of these hens deposited extra androgens into the yolks of these eggs.

2. (35 pts) ou are working to preserve a highly endangered bird species. The total population of the species is 7 individuals, 3 males and 4 females. Males are 30% larger in size than females About 10 months ago, these 7 individuals were placed in a guarded 1000 acre preserve. In the non-breeding season, males and females have only occasional contact, and they stay in sex specific groups (the 3 males with each other and the 4 females with each other). At the start of the breeding season which commences with the onset of the rainy season, the males separate and create a territory and build a nest. Once their nests are completed, the males will make loud booming vocal noises to call in females to mate. Females come to investigate calling males, and if they stay, the male will mate with them and guard them and the females will lay eggs in his nest. Once his nest is full of eggs, the male drives the females away, and the females have no further contact or involvement in raising the offspring. Females can store sperm in sperm storage tubules located only at the UV junction, and each of the 4 females has functional sperm storage tubules. Semen analysis has been completed on the 3 males named X, Y and Z. Male X and Y produce equal numbers of morphologically normal sperm, and over 95% of the sperm in their ejaculate is alive and mobile. Male Z only produces dead sperm The males started making booming calls three weeks ago to indicate they were ready for breeding, and during this time, the 4 females named A, B, C and D visited all 3 males and stayed with each of them for part of a day, but no breeding occurred. There is a social hierarchy in the females with A being the dominate female with the most body energy reserves. Females B and only slightly lower in dominance than female A and also have a good amount of bod reserves for reproduction. Female D is at the bottom of the social structure and does not have the body reserves that the other females have so she produces eggs which are a bit smaller than the other females. A few days after visiting all the males, the females are ready to start laying eggs The four females gather at X's territory first because he is the dominate and most attractive male He mates with females everyday they are with him. Each of the females lays 5 eggs in his all 4 nest on consecutive days starting 4 hours after he first mated with them. Once he has 20 eggs he drives the females off. Each of the females laid an egg in his nest early in the morning (prior to 8 am) on the day that he drove them off in the afternoon at 3 pm. After being driven off, the females head off to Y's territory because he is still calling Male Y is dull in coloration and much smaller than male X. When the females arrive at 5 pm the day male X them off male Y mates with all 4 females as he does every day until he drives them off from his territory

Explanation / Answer

A: the most likely reason for all the eggs for female C being infertile is that maybe the remaining 5% infertile sperm from X fertilized her eggs.

B: the likely sex of the hatchlings should be female because as it says that the females in this species are 30% smaller in size than males. it is also given that female D produces 4 eggs and that it produces smaller eggs than the other females so most likely these 4 eggs come from female D and have females birds inside them.

C: the one fertile egg that is produced in the Z nest might be due to a female hen that stored other viable and fertile sperm from other males in its sperm storage tubule, on an average, a sperm can live upto 72 hours the females after mating with Y the females wait for 42 hours and then mate with Z so it's most likely that they still had viable sperm inside them.

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