Define electric charge, conductors, and insulators. Define electrostatic conduct

Question

Define electric charge, conductors, and insulators. Define electrostatic conduction, electrostatic induction, electric polarization, and grounding. A solid copper sphere and glass sphere are equally negatively and positively charged, respectively. Draw diagrams showing the distribution of the charges of the both spheres when they are separated by (1) a large distance and (2) very small distance and (3) touching. A charged Styrofoam ball of mass 100 grams hangs motionless from a light string that makes an angle theta = 10 degree with respect to the vertical. The inclination of the string is due to horizontal electric force on the ball. Find the magnitude of this force.

Explanation / Answer

Electric charge is a physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when near other electrically charged matter. There exist two types of electric charges, called positive and negative. Positively charged substances are repelled from other positively charged substances, but attracted to negatively charged substances; negatively charged substances are repelled from negative and attracted to positive. An object will be negatively charged if it has an excess of electrons, and otherwise be positively charged or uncharged. The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb (C),

In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is an object or type of material which permits the flow of electric charges in one or more directions.

insulator is an object that stop the flow electric charges in undesired directions.

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