Make a list of the four quantum numbers n, l, and ml and s for each of the 12 el

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there are 4 numbers of the form (n, L, mL, ms).... where they came from is basically irrelevant for now. You'll cover that in quantum mechanics. Junior year university. where... n = an integer from 1 to infinity. L = an integer from 0 to n-1 mL = an integer from -L to +L ms = + or - 1/2 ok? examples...again, (n,L,mL, ms) (1,0,0,+1/2) (1,0,0,-1/2) ok? n=1.. L must be 0 to n-1 = 0 to 0 = 0.... mL = 0 because -L to +L = 0 (2,0,0,+1/2) (2,0,0,-1/2) (2,1,-1,+1/2) (2,1,-1,-1/2) (2,1,0,+1/2) (2,1,0,-1/2) (2,1,+1,+1/2) (2,1,+1,-1/2) since n=2, L can be 0 or 1. if 0, then mL = 0.. if 1, mL = -1, 0 or +1.. ok? (3,0,0,+1/2) (3,0,0,-1/2) (3,1,-1,+1/2) (3,1,-1,-1/2) (3,1,0,+1/2) (3,1,0,-1/2) (3,1,+1,+1/2) (3,1,+1,-1/2) (3,2,-2,+1/2) (3,2,-2,-1/2) (3,2,-1,+1/2) (3,2,-1,-1/2) (3,2,0,+1/2) (3,2,0,-1/2) (3,2,+1,+1/2) (3,2,+1,-1/2) (3,2,+2,+1/2) (3,2,+2,-1/2) right? simple so far... ************** so how do we interpret those #'s? well L = the orbital type. s,p,d,f.. if L=0--> s orbital if L=1--> p orbital if L=2--> d orbital if L=3--> f orbital etc and n is approximately the row of the periodic table. if L=0 or 1, s or p orbitals, n=row. if L=2 or 3, the rows are off by 1 or 2.. you'll see in a second. so.. Hydrogen has 1 electron where n=1, L=0, mL=0, ms=+1/2 Helium has 2 electrons. (1,0,0, +1/2) and (1,0,0, -1/2) lithium has 3... (1,0,0, +1/2), (1,0,0, -1/2) and (2,0,0,+1/2) Be has 4...(1,0,0, +1/2), (1,0,0, -1/2) and (2,0,0,+1/2) and (2,0,0,-1/2) Mg... has 2 valence electrons. 3s2.. ok? (3, 0, 0, +1/2) and (3, 0, 0, -1/2)

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