It has been theorized that haplodiploidy is related to eusociality because: a. W

Question

It has been theorized that haplodiploidy is related to eusociality because:

a. Workers maximize their direct fitness by reproducing themselves instead of helping their sisters

b. Workers maximize their inclusive fitness by reproducing themselves instead of helping their sisters

c. Workers maximize inclusive fitness by not reproducing themselves and instead helping their sisters

d. Workers maximize direct fitness by not reproducing themselves and instead helping their sisters

e. Workers maximize their indirect fitness by reproducing themselves instead of helping their sisters

f. None of the above

Explanation / Answer

Answer:c) Workers maximize inclusive fitness by not reproducing themselves and instead helping their sisters

Description-helping behavior will reduce its frequency.So if Workers maximize inclusive fitness by not reproducing themselves and helping their sisters

According Hamilton’s haplodiploidy hypothesis the relatively higher relatedness of full sisters in haplodiploid populations promotes the evolution of eusociality. This haplodiploidy effect works when some broods have a relatively female-biased sex ratio and other broods have a relatively male-biased sex ratio.There is empirical evidence for two scenarios having potentially led to split sex ratios en route to eusociality. unmated queens and queen replacement has suggested that haplodiploidy can either promote or inhibit the evolution of eusociality. this work made the simplifying assumptions that there is only negligible reproduction by workers and that their offspring have the same sex ratio as those produced by the queen. worker reproduction has a negative influence on the evolution of helping, either reducing the extent to which it is promoted or leading to it being inhibited. This is particularly so when workers are unmated and hence constrained to produce only sons. split sex ratios in haplodiploid species have not played an important role in facilitating the evolution of eusociality

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