Which coral type builds reefs? throny hermatypic zoanthian horny The theory of t

Question

Which coral type builds reefs?

throny

hermatypic

zoanthian

horny

The theory of taxonomy that uses only monophyletic lineages is what?

traditional evolutionary taxonomy

cladistics

phenetics

all of the above

The arm of a human, wing of a bat and flipper of a whale are all examples of __________ structures.

homologous

analogous

both

neither

Metazoans most likely evolved from?

single celled ciliate

colonial flagellate

multiple anscestors

a and c

Which of the following is the most complex body form of Poriferans?

asconoid

leucanoid

syconoid

none of the above

throny

hermatypic

zoanthian

horny

Explanation / Answer

Which coral type build reef?
Answer- C. Zoanthian
Explanation- The coral reefs are built by coral polyps.They secrete layers of Calcium carbonate.There are two type of corals.
1. Hard coral- it build coral reefs by forming symbiotic relationship with microscopic algae called Zooxanthellae.This algae produce energy through photosynthesis that used by coral as food.
2. Soft coral- if do not build reefs as they don't have stony skeleton and do not have zooxanthellae. Eg. Sea fans, Sea whips etc.

The theory of taxonomy that uses only monophyletic lineages is what?
Answer. B. Cladistics.
Explanation: In the theory of taxonomy that seeks to classify organism using a combination of shared descent, serial descent and degree of evoutionary change.
There are two type of approaches:
1. Monophyletic taxon- includes a group of organisms descended from a single ancestor. Similarly, the Cladistics is an approach to biological systematics in which organisms are grouped based on the most common ancestor.
2. Polyphyletic taxon- is composed of unrelated organisms descended from more than one ancestor.
This also know as traditional evolutionary taxonomy (uses three kingdoms- Protista, Animalia and Protista)
In phenetics, is an attempt to classify organisms based on overall similarity usually in morphology or other observable traits.

The arm of a human, wing of a bat and flipper of a whale are all examples of __________ structures.

Answer. A. Homologous.

Explanation: There are two type of organs based on there origin and functions.
1.Homologous organs: This has similar structure but different function.
Their developmental origin is same and developed throught Divergent evolution. Eg. The arm of a human, wing of a bat and flipper of a whale.
2. Analogous organ:This has Same function but different structure. There are not antomically similar because of Convergent evolution. Eg. Wings of a butterfly and wings of a bird.

Metazoans most likely evolved from?

Answer: D. a & c both

Explanation: The metazoans are evolved from unicellular ciliated cell to multicellular ciliate i.e, from prokaryote to Eukaryote. In the evolutionary process, there are multiple ancestors responsible for the modern species.

Which of the following is the most complex body form of Poriferans?

Answer: D. None of the above.
Explanation: The phylum Porifera are divided into 3 groups based on body organization.
1. Asconoids: are small and simple forms with a tube-shaped body
2. Syconoids: have a tubular body whose wall is much thicker and highly folded into a series of incurrent canals.
3. Leuconoid: the largest and most complex ones. The option is given as above Leucanoid thus answer would be option D.

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