1. (5 Pts) What general property of cancers in patients is the graphic below dem
ID: 215644 • Letter: 1
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1. (5 Pts) What general property of cancers in patients is the graphic below demonstrating? (One word will do it!) (your response) Feural effuion, non smal cellung carcinoma in apient Chrome 11is 17 is pink by FISH wth DNA Probes Fiqre 11.19 The Bobay or Cancer( Grard Scienco 200T Blue Creen. Chromosome p. 422 2. (5 Pts) Why does this feature of cancer biology help to promote the development of cancers? 3. (5 Pts) Why does this feature of cancer biology present problems in cancer treatment in patients?Explanation / Answer
Answer 1. The general property of cancer that this graphic is showing in cell to cell heterogeneity. We can see that in this image copy number of chromosome no 11 and 17 vary in diffrdiff cells of the same origin. This is known as heterogeneity.
Answer 2. Tumor heterogeneity leads to the distinct Morphological and phenotypic profile within a cancer. Tumor heterogeneity alters cell morphology, gene expression, motility of cells, proliferation rate and metastatic potential of different cells in single tumor. When different cells in the same tumor express different proteins it allows cancers to carry out different signalling simultaneously and inturn helps in the development of cancer.
Answer 3. Tumor heterogeneity has always been implicated to play a big role in drug resistance. When tumor is heterogeneous in nature then it will have more than one cell type and will express different receptors on its cell surface in different cells. This scenario produces a challenge to design a drug against a specific receptor or a cell type. Also, it helps the tumor to become resistant to traditional drugs that target a single type of molecule or receptor. Bottleneck effect plays a role here as if some cells survive the initial drug administration and if these cells replicate to form a new tumor then it will be more aggressive and drug resistant in nature.
Due to the differences in the genetics of different cells it is also difficult to identify a biomarker which can be targeted to treat that tumor, as different cells express different biomarkers in same tumor it is nearly impossible to pick one biomarker targeting which will help eliminate tumor.
Even clinically if a doctor takes a biopsy of the sample tumor from a patient and if the tumor is heterogeneous in nature then the biopsy will not represent the tumor and it might lead to unawareness about the features of that tumor which might be important for its treatment.
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