6.Define homeostasis and explain how it enables the body to adapt to changes in
ID: 215559 • Letter: 6
Question
6.Define homeostasis and explain how it enables the body to adapt to changes in its environment.
7.Explain the process of diagnosing a person with diabetes along with the parameters and tests used for diagnosis. Discuss the thresholds that are used for each test.
8. Describe the function of the neurotransmitter serotonin and the implications if levels are low.
9.According to Martin Seligman, former president of the American Psychological Association (APA), there is not just one major component of happiness, but three. Describe the three components of happiness as defined by Seligman.
10.What are extrasolar planets? In what way does their discovery make it seem more reasonable to imagine nding life elsewhere?
11.What are the major areas of research in astrobiology?
12.Describe the alternative medicine treatment of chiropractic medicine. Be sure to explain its origin, its treatment uses, and how it is performed.
Explanation / Answer
Ans 6:- Homeostasis:- is the property of the living organisms to regulate its internal environment to maintain a stable and constant condition irrespective of the external environment. depending upon the maintainance of body temperature animals are broadly classified into two groups called homeothermic animals (warm blooded animals) and pokiothermic animals (cold blooded). temperature is important in controlling the rate of metabolic processses inside an organism and also its activities i.e, in maintainig homeostasis. The influence of temp. is size dpendent animals small in size have more surface area and thus relatively less metabolic active tissue to generate heat therefore the small animal when faces cold lose heat more rapidly if such animals start maintainig the temperature of the body they would require more energy to do that where as animals with large size have vice-versa mechanism.
mechanism of homeostasis:
Body temperature:- in case of hotness following body respose is carried out like vasodilation, sweating, pilorelaxation (flatting of hairs), stretchiong out. in case of coldness vasoconstriction, shivering, piloeraction (hair stand up) curling up ( making body smaller to prevent heat loss)
Body fluids:- hypertonic and hypotonic urine in case of less fluids and more body fluids respectively.
Ans7:- diagnosis for type 2 diabetes
Fating plasma Glucose:- 126mg/dl or higher on 2 seperate occasions.
HbA1c :- 6.5% or higher on 2 seperate occasions.
oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT):- 2-hour post OGTT blood glucose 200mg/dl or higher.
Ans8:- Functions of Serotonin:- since the most of serotonin is secreted in the intestines (approx. 90%) and the remainder in CNS neurons its main functions are to regulate appetite, sleep, memory and learning, temperature, mood, behavior, muscle contraction, and function of cardiovascular system and endocrine system.
deficiency of serotonin:-
1. a person fells fatigue and lack of energy.
2. anexity, mood shifts and stress.
3. lack of concentration.
4. b0dy aches, dizziness, head aches.
5. palpitation, shprtness of breath.
6. depression.
7. low immune system.
8. sleeplessness.
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