23) Which of the following stimulates the thirst mechanism? 23) A) elevated bloo

Question

23) Which of the following stimulates the thirst mechanism? 23) A) elevated blood volume and pressure B) increased concentration of solutes in the blood C) lubrication of the mouth and throat tissues D) decreased blood volume and pressure 24) Which region of the brain controls fluid intake? 24) A) pituitary gland C) brain stem B) hypothalamus D) central sulcus Water formed during oxidative metabolism accounts for what percentage of the water the body 25) needs each day? A) 10-14% C)more than 30% B) 20-25% D) 0-5% 26) Insensible water loss is water lost 26) A) through urination. C) during sleep. B) through perspiration and respiration. D) during illness or trauma. 27) Which of the following is a diuretic? 27) A) orange juice B) water C) milk D) alcohol 28) One "glass" of water is about 240 mL, which is equal to 28) A) 6 oz. B) 24 oz C) 12 oz. D) 8 oz. 29) Diets high in sodium are associated with 29) A) obesity. C) hypertension B) diabetes mellitus. D) oreast cancer 30) The AI for sodium (for adult men and women aged 19-50 ears of age) is 30) A) 3 g/day B)24 g/day C)5 g/day D) 1.5 g/day. 31) Most of the sodium consumed is absorbed from the 31) A) mouth. C) large intestine. B) stomach. D) small intestine. 32) Riboflavin assists with antioxidant function through its role as a coenzyme for which enzyme 32) system? B) succinate D) hexokinase C) alpha keto glutarate dehydrogenase 33) A deficiency of riboflavin is referred to as 33) A) hyporiboflavin. C) primary riboflavin insufficiency. B) riboflavinitis. D) criboflavinosis. 34) 34) Approximately one third of riboflavin is supplied in the American diet by A) fruit C) milk and milk products B, neat D) "ggs

Explanation / Answer

23. D.

Thirst is caused due to low volume of blood called as Hypovolemic thirst (hypo means below the normal limit). When blood volume is lower, it causes depletion in blood pressure. Blood volume can be lowered by fluid loss or blood loss.

24. B.

Decreased blood volume and blood pressure trigger the expression of angiotensin II. This acts on the thirst regulator at hypothalamus. This causes thirst and increased water intake.

25. A.

About 10-14% of total water.

26. B

There are two type of water loss from our body. Sensible water loss means when we can sense that loss. For example, urination. And insensible means when we cannot sense and have an actual measurement of it. For eg, respiration.

27. A

Diuretic means a substance that promotes urine synthesis.

28. D

1 ml = 0. 0338 oz

250 ml = 8.454 oz

29. C

Excess sodium conc. in body causes excess amount of water retention in body. So, the blood volume raises. Increased blood volume causes increased blood pressure.

30. B

To maintain the body's normal sodium level for a normal Blood pressure, 2.4 g/day is standard amount.

31. C

Sodium ions are transported in blood via active transport through ion channels.

32. C

It takes part in metabolic systems of our body.

33. D

It is named as ariboflavinosis.

34. C

Milk is one of the richest sources of riboflavin or vit B2.

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