1) What is the purpose of the higher osmolarity of the renal medulla compared to
ID: 215169 • Letter: 1
Question
1) What is the purpose of the higher osmolarity of the renal medulla compared to the renal cortex?
a) allows the conservation of water, b) allows the conservation of salt, c) enables the removal of excess water, d) enables the removal of excess salt, e) maintains blood pH
2) An organism like a salmonid that is capable of adapting to a wide range of salinities in its environment would be described as …
a) euryhaline, b) heterohaline, c) stenohaline, d) polyhaline, e) salty tasting
3) A saltwater fish has difficulty maintaining it’s levels of..
a) ions, b) water, c) oxygen, d) all of the above, e) none of the above
4) In vertebrate animals, spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ in that
a) oogenesis begins at the onset of sexual maturity, whereas spermatogenesis happens in
embryonic development
b) oogenesis produces four haploid cells, whereas spermatogenesis produces only one
functional spermatozoon
c) cytokinesis is unequal in oogenesis, whereas it is equal in spermatogenesis
d) oogenesis ends at menopause, whereas spermatogenesis is finished before birth.
e) spermatogenesis is not completed until after fertilization occurs, but oogenesis is completed
by the time a girl is born
Explanation / Answer
1.
Correct: when there is a deficit of water the osmolarity of fluid is high. The high osmolarity of the renal medulla compared to the renal cortex allow the conservation of water.
Hence, the correct option is (a).
Incorrect: conservation of salt and maintaining pH is not associated with the osmolarity.
Hence, the options (b), (c), (d) and (e) are incorrect.
2.
Correct: Euryhaline organisms are usually able to adapt to a wide range of salinities. A euryhalian fish is molly.
Hence, the correct option is (a).
Incorrect: stenohaline are the organisms that cannot tolerate the fluctuatiions in the salinity of water. Polyhaline are the water bodies that can tolerate the salinity between 18 to 30 ppt only.
Hence, the options (b), (c), (d) and (e) are incorrect.
3.
Correct: the saltwater fish are hypotonic to their surroundings. Their blood has higher concentration of water than the surrounding sea water, also they face difficulty in maintaining the levels water.
Hence, the correct option is (b).
Incorrect: the maintenance of ions and oxygen is not that much difficult for salt water fish.
Hence, the options (a), (c), (d) and (e) are incorrect.
4.
Correct: spermatogenesis only begins at the onset of sexual maturity, whereas oogenesis begins during embryonic development. Also cytokines is unequal in oogenesis, whereas it is equal in spermatogenesis.
Hence, the option (c) is correct.
Incorrect: all the options are not justifying the spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
Hence, the options (a), (b), (d) and (e) are incorrect.
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.