Q1. Experiment 1. Two sets of cells are subjected to a FRAP experiment. One cell

Question

Q1.

Experiment 1. Two sets of cells are subjected to a FRAP experiment. One cell has a lipid bilayer that includes cholesterol, which makes it less fluid; and the other cell has a membrane made purely of phospholipids. The results are shown below. Which curve, A or B, was obtained from cells with a membrane that includes cholesterol?

Select ONE option:

1. A

2. B

Experiment 2. Membrane fluidity decreases as the temperature cools. If you conducted two FRAP experiments with the same cell, one experiment at warm temperature, and the other at a cooler temperature, which of the FRAP curves below best represents the cell at the warmer temperature?

Select ONE option:

1. A

2. B

Q2.

What would happen to the (i) magnitude of the mitochondrial proton gradient, (ii) rate of mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and (iii) rate of acetyl-CoA oxidation in cells treated with the ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin?

Select ONE option:

A. (i) increase, (ii) increase, (iii) increase

B. (i) increase, (ii)decrease, (iii) increase

C. (i) decrease, (ii)decrease, (iii) decrease

D. (i) decrease, (ii)increase, (iii) increase

E. (i) increase, (ii) decrease, (iii) decrease

Q3.

Where might you expect to find mutations that lead to mitochondrial disease (i.e., diseases that are a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction)?

Select ONE option:

A. Nuclear DNA

B. Mitochondrial DNA

C. Both

Q4.

Which type(s) of mitochondrial diseases could potentially be prevented by 3-way in vitro fertilization?

Select ONE option:

A. Diseases that arise from mutations in the nuclear DNA

B. Diseases that arise from mutations in the mitochondrial DNA

C. Neither

D. Both

Q5.

Which of these tissues are most likely to display significant defects in patients with a mitochondrial disease?

(Select all that apply.)

A. Cartilage

B. Heart

C. Bone

D. Neural

E. Adipose

Q6.

Select ALL that apply for EACH question.

Part 1. Where does glycolysis occur?

A. Cytosol

B. Golgi

C. Mitochondrion

D. Lysosome

Part 2. Where does ATP synthesis occur?

A. Cytosol

B. Golgi

C. Mitochondrion

D. Lysosome

Q7.

Which of the following is/are true of glycolysis?

(Select ALL that apply.)

A. It does not produce ATP or NADH.

B. It converts glucose to pyruvate.

C. It produces CO2

D. It requires oxygen.

E. It occurs inside the mitochondria.

Q8.

Which of the following is/are true of the citric acid cycle?

(Select ALL that apply.)

A. It occurs in mitochondrial matrix.

B. Pyruvate directly feeds into the citric acid cycle.

C. It occurs in the cytoplasm.

D. It transfers electrons from acetyl-CoA to the universal electron acceptors NAD+ and FAD.

E. It sequentially oxidizes acetyl-CoA into CO2.

F. It requires oxygen.

Q9.

Select ALL that apply to the physical components of the electron transport chain:

A. The proteins that make up the ETC contain iron sulfur clusters and heme groups that act as electron carriers.

B. The proteins that make up the ETC are primarily free floating in the mitochondrial matrix.

C. The proteins that make up the ETC are transmembrane proteins.

D. Some of the proteins that make up the ETC are responsible for pumping protons from the intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix.

Q10.

Select the molecules below that are the reactants or products for glycolysis or the citric acid cycle.

Select ALL that apply for each question.

Part 2. Citric Acid Cycle

Select the reactant or reactants for the citric acid cycle:

A. Acetyl-CoA

B. ATP

C. Carbon Dioxide

D. FADH2

E. Glucose

F. NADH

G. Pyruvate

% initial fluorescence % initial fluorescence 2

Explanation / Answer

Ans for Question 1 Experiment 1

B is the answer as During an FRAP experiment, if the amount of cholesterol is increased in a specific region, recovery should not occur after photobleaching. This is due to cholesterol molecules being unable to diffuse because they are part of a microdomain.

ouestion 1 answer for 2 is

A is the answer as temperature plays a very important role and due to warm temperature frap takes place soon.

Ans for question 2 is

Ans is a because

If the proton gradient is not dissipated by the influx of protons into a mitochondrion with the generation of ATP, eventually the outside of the mitochondrion develops such a large positive charge that the electron-transport chain can no longer pump protons against the gradient

For oxygen consumption it is 2 its decreases beacuse

Oxygen consumption stops because oligomycin inhibits ATP synthesis, which is coupled to the activity of the electron-transport chain.

Ans for acetyl Coa will decrease.

So the ans for question 2 is B & the reasons are explained above.

Ans for ques 3 is both

Both mDna & nDna both are responsible

Ans for ques 4 is B

Ans for ques 5 is cartilage & heart

Ans for ques 6 is glycolysis will occur in cytosol

ATP synthesis will occur in mitochondria

Ans for ques 7 it converts glucose to pyruvate

It produces co2

It requires oxygen

Ans for ques 8 is statement B D E & F is right

Ans for ques 9 C & D is right

Ans for ques 10 is

Acetyl coa

Atp

Fadh2

Carbondioxide

Nadh

Thats all the answers.

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