Biochemistry 1. We express multiple types of proteases in digestion to efficient

Question

Biochemistry

1. We express multiple types of proteases in digestion to efficiently break down proteins into short sequences.   Many are produced as proenzyme zymogens. Briefly explain why most digestive enzymes are produced as zymogens in the body, and how pancreatitis can result from cystic fibrosis.

2. Two of the most important proteases are pepsin and trypsin (the third is chymotrypsin). Pepsin cleaves peptide sequences on the N-terminal side of tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. Trypsin cleaves peptide sequences on the C-terminal side of arginine and lysine.

The peptide hormone insulin is digested with these proteases. Show the cleavage patterns created by each of these two enzymes, and then the pattern when they both digest the peptide simultaneously. Cleavage can be shown by spaces or /.

Insulin sequence FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKTRREAEDLQGSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN

A. Cleavage with Pepsin:

FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKTRREAEDLQGSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN

B. Cleavage with Trypsin:

FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKTRREAEDLQGSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN

C. Cleavage with both Pepsin and Trypsin.

FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKTRREAEDLQGSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN

Explanation / Answer

Digestive enzymes are mostly produced as zymogens which are proenzyme and inactive due to the blocking of active site of the protein as to prevent the digestion of cells that produce digesting enzyme.

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by the mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. It is characterised by the insufficient functioning of pancreas and bronchopulmonary infection. Pancreastitis is the pain due to inflammation in the pancreas. In CF as the functioning of of pancreas reduced which leads to inflammation and leading to pancreatitis.

2. cleavage pattern by pepsin

F/VNQHLCGSHLVEALY/LVCGERGF/F/Y/TPKTRREAEDLQGSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIVEQCCTSICSLY/QLENY/CN

Cleavage pattern by trypsin

FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGE/RGFFYTPKT/R/REAEDLQGSLQPLALEGSLQ/K/RGIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN

Cleavage by both

F/VNQHLCGSHLVEALY/LVCGE/RGF/F/Y/TPKT/R/REAEDLQGSLQPLALEGSLQ/K/RGIVEQCCTSICSLY/QLENY/CN

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