43. Which of the following is true of clustered, regularly interspaced short pal

Question

43. Which of the following is true of clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISP R) systems in bacterial cells?

a) Protect bacteria from viral infection.

b) Code for proteins that can destroy viral DNA.

c) Can be used to infera viral infection history.

d) Code for short RNA molecules.

e) All of the above

44. What is Cas9 and what does it do?

a) an RNA molecule that binds to target DNA via complementary base pairing repeating DNA sequence that is transcribed into a ribozyme (a ribonucleic acid (RNA) enzyme that catalyzes a chemical reaction)

c) a viral protein that disrupts bacterial membranes

d) a nuclease that cuts both strands of DNA at sites specified by an RNA guide

e) a zinc-finger nuclease that cuts viral DNA into short segments for incorporation into the bacterial genome.

45. Which of the following is NOT a possible outcome of the CRISPR/Cas9 system?

a) disruption of a gene

b) repair of a gene

c) deletion ofa chromosome

d) blocking or enhancing gene expression

e) All of the above are possible

46. Which of the following is not true of the reaction catalyzed by RNA polymerases?

a) Template DNA is copied in the 3' to 5' direction

b) The 3'-hydroxyl group of the growing RNA strand is the nucleophile

c) The reaction is magnesium ion dependent

d) U residues are incorporated into the RNA to pair with T residues of the template

e) The RNA molecule is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction

47. The sequence of the messenger RNA molecule (primary transcript) synthesized from a DNA molecule with a template strand having the sequence 5'-ATGCTACCGTTA-3' is:

a) 5'-UACGAUGGCAAU-3'

b) 5'-UAACGGUAGCAU-3'

c) 5'-AUGCUACCGUUA-3'

d) 5'-AUUGCCAUCGUA-3'

e) None of these choices is correct

Explanation / Answer

43. A. Protect bacteria from viral infection.

CRISP is a family of DNA sequences in bacteria that acts as immune system for bacteria and prevents bacteria from the infection of bacteria.

44. D.  A nuclease that cuts both strands of DNA at sites specified by an RNA guide.

Cas9 is an RNA guided endonuclease that is associated with CRISP in providing protection to bacteria against viral attacks.

45. D Blocking or enhancing gene expression.

46.B. The 3'-hydroxyl group of the growing RNA strand is the nucleophile.

47. B. 5'-UAACGGUAGCAU-3'

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