Read the following abstract: \"Experimental results suggested that iron-induced

Question

Read the following abstract:

"Experimental results suggested that iron-induced lipid peroxidation may explain the direct associations observed between red/processed meat intakes and colorectal
and breast cancer risk. However, epidemiological evidence is lacking. Thus, we investigated the association between dietary iron intake and breast cancer risk,
and its potential modulation by an antioxidant supplementation and lipid intake.
This prospective study included 4646 women from the SU.VI.MAX trial (daily low-dose antioxidants vs. placebo). 188 incident breast cancers were diagnosed (median
follow-up=12.6y). Dietary iron intake was assessed using repeated 24h dietary records. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were computed. Dietary iron
intake was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (HRT3vs.T1=1.67 (1.02-2.71), P-trend=0.04). This association was observed in the placebo group (HRT3vs.
T1=2.80 (1.42-5.54), P-trend=0.003), but not in the antioxidant-supplemented group (P-trend=0.7, P-interaction=0.1). Besides, in the placebo group, the increased breast cancer risk associated with dietary iron intake was more specifically observed in
women with higher lipid intake (P-trend=0.046). These findings suggest that dietary iron intake may be associated with an increased breast cancer risk, especially in women who did not received antioxidants during the trial and who consumed more
lipids. This supports the experimental results suggesting that breast cancer risk may be increased by iron-induced lipid peroxidation"

Write an in depth question (do not answer it) to the author of this abstract. Question must be open ended.

Explanation / Answer

Ques 1: If iron consumed by the body is causing lipid peroxidation,

A.) What is the exact chemical mechanism for that? And is this while metabolic processing of iron inside body or access accumulation of iron? Moreover, the oxidants produced by what kind of lipids; lipids tht play an integral role in body or is it the extra fat consumed by body?

B.) By what mechanism lipid peroxidation causes cells of a specific tissue (in this case breast/coln) to turn cancerous while others stay normal. Does genetics also play a role?

Hint: If the women consuming more dietry iron and lipids, without taking antioxidants also have genes like BRACA1 and BRACA2 mutated.

C.) The number of females included in this epidemological study belongs to a particular gene pool i.e. do they belong to particular population group like caucasians, negros or some other specific gene pool or is this a random study having females from all different gene pools?

Hint: This will help us know if there is any mutation/ SNP specific for that particular population.

D.) This epidemological study only consist of dietry factors which is mostly epigenetic part but have not talked anythning about family history of these patients. Moreover everybody's metabolism is also different so how iron and lipids are metabolised in ones body also plays a major role on deciding when and how are lipids getiing oxidised.

E.)Further the kind of enviornment these women live in and the amount of heavy metals and pesticides these women are exposed to also have a significant role in deciding which patient is more susecptible to cancer. According to my knowledge, all this study is missing in the current epidemological survey?

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