A virtual image has a positive image distance; a real image has a negative image

Question

          A virtual image has a positive image distance; a real image has a negative image distance.                    A converging lens has a negative focal length; a diverging lens has a positive focal length.                    When the object is on the same side of the reflecting or refracting surface as the incoming light, the object distance is positive; otherwise, it is negative.                    When the center of curvature of a spherical mirror is on the same side as the reflected light, the radius of curvature is positive; otherwise, it is negative.                    For an upright image, the magnification is positive; for an inverted image, the magnification is negative           A virtual image has a positive image distance; a real image has a negative image distance.                    A converging lens has a negative focal length; a diverging lens has a positive focal length.                    When the object is on the same side of the reflecting or refracting surface as the incoming light, the object distance is positive; otherwise, it is negative.                    When the center of curvature of a spherical mirror is on the same side as the reflected light, the radius of curvature is positive; otherwise, it is negative.                    For an upright image, the magnification is positive; for an inverted image, the magnification is negative

Explanation / Answer

When the object is on the same side of the reflecting or refracting surface as the incoming light, the object distance is positive; otherwise, it is negative. When the object is on the same side of the reflecting or refracting surface as the incoming light, the object distance is positive; otherwise, it is negative. When the object is on the same side of the reflecting or refracting surface as the incoming light, the object distance is positive; otherwise, it is negative. For an upright image, the magnification is positive; for an inverted image, the magnification is negative.

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