To better understand the genetic relationships between the great apes and humans

Question

To better understand the genetic relationships between the great apes and humans, go to www.becominghuman.org. Click on “The Learning Center,” the “Chromosome Connection.” Do the activity “Comparison of Human and Ape Chromosomes.”
When completed, look at chromosomal and gene (“banding”) patterns. In the first column, you’ll see that orangutans share the least in common with humans.
How closely related are orangutans to gorillas? to chimpanzees? How closely related are humans to the gorillas and chimps? What does this tell you about the evolutionary relationship between today’s great apes and humans?
Note: Make sure that you've enabled Flash Player to do this assignment. If not, click on the link for "Flash Player" and follow the directions. To better understand the genetic relationships between the great apes and humans, go to www.becominghuman.org. Click on “The Learning Center,” the “Chromosome Connection.” Do the activity “Comparison of Human and Ape Chromosomes.”
When completed, look at chromosomal and gene (“banding”) patterns. In the first column, you’ll see that orangutans share the least in common with humans.
How closely related are orangutans to gorillas? to chimpanzees? How closely related are humans to the gorillas and chimps? What does this tell you about the evolutionary relationship between today’s great apes and humans?
Note: Make sure that you've enabled Flash Player to do this assignment. If not, click on the link for "Flash Player" and follow the directions.
When completed, look at chromosomal and gene (“banding”) patterns. In the first column, you’ll see that orangutans share the least in common with humans.
How closely related are orangutans to gorillas? to chimpanzees? How closely related are humans to the gorillas and chimps? What does this tell you about the evolutionary relationship between today’s great apes and humans?
Note: Make sure that you've enabled Flash Player to do this assignment. If not, click on the link for "Flash Player" and follow the directions.

Explanation / Answer

Humans are more closly related to chimps than gorrilas. 70% genome closly related between human and chimps compared to gorillas. According chromosome analysis human and chimps have 13 identical chrmosome and human gorrilas have 9 identical chromosome. So all 3 belons to same branch on evolutionary tree but human have more similarity with chimps than gorrilas.

Orangutans and chimps and gorrilas derived from same ancestor but have different braches due to some differences. Orangutan have more differences in genome from chimps and gorrilas than they have with each other genome.therefore, human and orangutans have only 8 identical chromosome and less similarity than chimps and gorrilas.

According to molecular studies, chromosome banding pattern human shared more similiar character to chimps, chimps have more similarity with gorrilas and both chimps and gorrila have similarity with orangutans. Orangutans and gorrilas have differences because they move from one location and aquire genetic changes that create differences in DNA sequences and they become distant from human compare to chimps.

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