What is the difference between haploid, diploid, and haplodiploid genetic system

Question

What is the difference between haploid, diploid, and haplodiploid genetic systems? With this difference in mind, describe why females are related to sisters by a coefficient of r 0.75 and to brothers by a coefficient of T 0.25 in haplodiploid systems. Based on what you learned in the chapter, what kinds ol consequences could differences in relatedness have for colony dynamics in haplodiploid systems? For example, how might relatedness influence the distribution of reproductive opportunity, aggression, and c 6.

Explanation / Answer

Haploid system is known for the presence of genetic material in form of single copy. Diploid knows for the two copies of a genetic material.

Haplodiploid genetic system is a unique type where a male generates from an unfertilized egg and possesses haploid chromosomes. On the other hand, females generates from a fertilized egg and turn to then a diploid.

Suppose a cross of a father and a mother like as below.

XX        x        XY

Progenies in F1-

XX      XX      XY      XY

Two daughters and two sons; here we can see that daughters have only X chromosome. Parents have total three X chromosomes, and daughter gets two of them; therefore, the proportion of X chromosomes is-

2/3 =0.75,

For sisters this percentage is common therefore, they have relatedness of 0.75.

Sons have one Y chromosome out of the 4 total chromosomes; therefore, they have following ratio-

¼ = 0.25

This relatedness suggests that daughters bring more features that are common in their offspring than the sons have.

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