1. Decarboxylation steps remove a CO2 molecule, how many decarboxylation steps p

Question

1. Decarboxylation steps remove a CO2 molecule, how many decarboxylation steps per glucose are there between glycolysis, the transition step, and the TCA?
        A. 6
        B. 4
        C. 2
        D. 8

2. By the end of the TCA cycle, the original glucose, C6H12O6, that entered glycolysis has been completely disassembled into 6CO2 atoms, and its hydrogen atoms removed (oxidized) to reduce 10NADH's and 2 FADH2. In the process, 4 ATP molecules are produced.
    A. False
    B. True

3. In an organism that makes energy by aerobic respiration, the main purpose of the central metabolic pathways (glycolysis, transition step, TCA) is to generate ATP by substrate level phosphorylation.
   A. True
   B. False

4. Which is not an electron carrier of the ETC?   (21)
      A. flavoproteins
        B. iron-sulfur proteins
        C. quinone
        D. cytochromes
        E. Pyruvates

5. Electron carriers embedded in the ETC
        A. accept an electron from NADH and FADH2
        B. pump a proton from the matrix of the mitochondria into the intermembrane space
        C. create an electrochemical gradient between the matrix of the mitochondria and the intermmebrane space
        D. all of the above
6. Which statement is true of the ATPase enzyme (ATP synthase) in the ETC?
       A. ATPase enzyme is powered by oxygen molecules to synthesize ATP from ADP and phosphate substrates.
        B. ATPase enzyme powered by hydrogen atoms, can accept and ATP and a phosphate as substrates.
        C. ATPase enzyme powered by protons will synthesize ATP from ADP and phosphate substrates.
        D. diffuse back into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria through the ATPase enzyme.

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

1). A. 6

Explanation:

Decarboxylation doesn't occur in glycolysis.

Transition step: Two time occur and produces two CO2

Krebs cycle:

Isocitrate-------Alpha-ketogluteric acid. It occurs two times for glucose and produces 2 CO2.

Alpha-ketogluteric acid----Succinyl Co-A. It occurs two times for glucose and produces 2 CO2.

2). B. True

3). B. False

Explanation: ATP is generated mainly by oxidative phosphorylation. Aerobic cellular respiration uses NADH and FADH2 generated in glycolysis, the transition step, and the TCA cycle to synthesize ATP. This process called oxidative phosphorylation.

4). E. Pyruvates

5). D. all of the above

6). C. ATPase enzyme powered by protons will synthesize ATP from ADP and phosphate substrates.

Explanation:

Protons diffuse back from the intermembrane space to mitochondria matrix of the mitochondria through the ATPase enzyme. During the diffusion of protons, ATPase enzyme powered by protons and synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate substrates.

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