ex: Prepare the plates as follows: Control (no virus): Remove the agar tube from

Question

ex:

Prepare the plates as follows:

Control (no virus):

Remove the agar tube from the waterbath,

Add 100 ml of E. coli broth added to agar tube

Mix by rolling in your hands for 2-3 seconds

Pour the mixture onto the LB agar base layer platesHow would the plates look if you did not first add E. coli?

If you wanted a plate with 200 plaques, what type of dilution would you make from the stock phage solution?

Ideally how should the number of plaques on each dilution plate relate to each other?

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RIDT uses Ab to the HA and NA proteins, do these tests need to be updated? Why? What about the RT-PCR?

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How might a smear look if you had a parasitic infection for the last 6 months?

How might a CBC and blood smear be used to diagnose a blood cancer? How might it be different from the normal?

Explanation / Answer

Plates will look like plain, neat and clean if you will not add E.coli. but it is happen in those cases only if you have taken great care to avoid the chances of contamination. otherwise there are some chances to show a colony of non specific bacteria.

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the second thing is that, if you need a 200 plaques per plate then you have to decide that what concentration of stock you have, then and then only you can calculate of plan to get 200 plaques per plate. although i am giving you brief idea how to get the required plaques per plate.

assume that you have a 106 plaques per ml of stock...

now you should take 1 ml of stock which has 1000000 no of plaque unit and you will add that in 9 ml of sterile distilled water or any other diluent. so now you have 1000000 no of plaque unit per 10 ml, so in 1 ml there will be a 100000 (105) no of plaque unit. now taken 1 ml of this duluent and add in another 9 ml of sterile dulent, and you will get 10000 no of plaque unit per ml.

now, dilute your stock by 1000 plaque unit per ml. if you take 0.1 ml from this then it will have 100 plaque unit and if you take 0.2 ml then it will have 200 plaque unit.

so you have to use 0.2ml from this last duluent which has 1000 (103) plaque unit per ml to get your work done. but this calculation is based on assumption that your stock has 106 unit of plaque pem ml. but you didnt give the concentration so firast of all you have to decide the cincentration of your stock and then you can calculate as i shown above.

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now the third thing,

all the contineous dilution will decrease on zero (devides by 10) to the concentration.

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All the Ab based diagnosis test should be updated because of their low specificity and sensitivity. moreover that tests are also very old and aged. and the most and strong reason is to update that the RT PCR and PCR based methods. because these all RT PCR and PCR based methods have the great sensitivity and specificity toward their target, so these assays are widely used for different diagnosis.

RT PCR based diagnosis of Influenza will be quick, more sensitive and specific. additionally it can give a more detail about the type and subtype of the virus infection. it can also give the information related to virus load, so drug dosase can be given accordingly.

Dilution 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 Initial concentration (befor dilution) per ml 106 105 104 103 102 Final concentration (After Dilution) per ml 105 104 103 102 10

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