Q1 . The endosymbiotic theory suggests that the oxygenation of the primitive ear

Question

Q1.

The endosymbiotic theory suggests that the oxygenation of the primitive earth’s atmosphere played a role in the emergence of eukaryotes from anaerobic host cells and aerobic prokaryotes. How might the presence of oxygen in the environment provide an evolutionary advantage for endosymbiosis? Select ONE option:

A. The aerobic prokaryote’s ability to use oxygen to harness energy helped the host cell to thrive in an increasingly oxygen-rich environment and in turn the host cell provided protection and nutrients for the mitochondrial ancestor.

B. The host cell’s ability to use oxygen to harness energy helped the aerobic prokaryote to survive in an increasingly oxygen-rich environment and the aerobic prokaryote provided protection and nutrients for the host cell.

C. The aerobic prokaryote’s ability to use oxygen allowed it to survive in an increasingly oxygen-rich environment when cells that couldn’t use oxygen were at a disadvantage.

D. The aerobic prokaryote’s ability to use oxygen provided it with protection and nutrients as the environment changed.

Q2.

The endosymbiotic theory suggests that because mitochondria have endosymbiotic origins, they would be expected to have characteristics similar to prokaryotes. Which of the following characteristics of mitochondria supports this theory? Select ONE option:

A. Mitochondria don't have their own genomes.

B. Mitochondria make ATP.

C. Mitochondria have a double membrane.

D. Mitochondria can use oxygen.

Q3.

Use the diagram of a eukaryotic cell drawn below to answer the following questions. Select all that apply for each question:

Part 1. Site(s) where most DNA and RNA is synthesized. Select ALL that apply:

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

5. E

6. F

7. G

Part 2. Site(s) of protein packaging and carbohydrate synthesis.Select ALL that apply:

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

5. E

6. F

7. G

Part 3. Organelle where the breakdown of macromolecules occurs. Select ALL that apply:

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

5. E

6. F

7. G

Part 4. Site(s) where the most ATP is made in the cell. Select ALL that apply:

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

5. E

6. F

7. G

Part 5. Which of the following is not true of the organelle labeled “B”? Select ALL that apply:

1. It is physically contiguous with outer membrane of nucleus.

2. Helps determine the shape of the cell and provides structural integrity.

3. The smooth portion of this organelle is a site of lipid and steroid synthesis.

4. The “smooth” portion of this organelle lacks ribosomes, whereas the “rough” portion of this organelle is bound by many ribosomes.

Q4.

Which of the following are properties of the smooth ER?

(Select all that apply.)

1. It synthesizes membrane proteins and secretory proteins.

2. It synthesizes lipids.

3. It is studded with ribosomes.

4. It is continuous with the nuclear envelope.

5. It is continuous with the rough ER.

Q5.

Part 1. Which cytoskeletal component is involved in determining the shape of the cell, directing cell movement, and facilitates the pinching in of a cell during cell division?

Select ONE option:

1. Actin filaments

2. Microtubules

3. Intermediate filaments

Part 2. Which cytoskeletal component is involved in coordinating the movement of organelles and transporting other macromolecules within a cell, and is also a key component of the mitotic spindle?

Select ONE option:

1. Actin filaments

2. Microtubules

3. Intermediate filaments

Part 3. Which cytoskeletal component provides a cell with mechanical strength and the ability to resist shear stresses?

Select ONE option:

1. Actin filaments

2. Microtubules

3. Intermediate filaments

Q6.

Part 1. When a white blood cell changes its shape, as seen at the end of “Inner Life of the Cell” animation, it is a consequence of the cell recognising its ---------- network.

Select ONE option for the blank:

1. Actin

2. Microtubule

Part 2. Mitochondria move within a cell along -----------.

Select ONE option for the blank:

1. Microtubules

2. Actin filaments

Explanation / Answer

1. A. The aerobic prokaryote’s ability to use oxygen to harness energy helped the host cell to thrive in an increasingly oxygen-rich environment and in turn the host cell provided protection and nutrients for the mitochondrial ancestor.

2. D. Mitochondria can use oxygen.

part 1. B EndoplasmicReticulum and C Nucleus

2. E Golgi and D Cytoplasm

3. F - lysosome

4, G - Mitochondria

part 5. 5. 2. Helps determine the shape of the cell and provides structural integrity.

4. 2. It synthesizes lipids.

5. Part 1. 1. Actin filaments

part 2. 2. Microtubules

Part 3 - 3. Intermediate filaments

6.
Part 1 - 1. Actin
Part 2. 1. Microtubules

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