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Use your knowledge of Hardy-Weinberg to address the following questions. First,

ID: 209642 • Letter: U

Question

Use your knowledge of Hardy-Weinberg to address the following questions. First, calculate (show calculations) the actual frequencies of the two allele (B and b) and give frequencies p and q. Then calculate the expected Hardy-Weinberg ratios of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive geneotypes. Compare these calculated genotypic frequencies to the given actual genotypic frequencies, and justify if the population is in equilibrium or not.  

Genetic analysis shows the number of individuals for each geneotype are as follows: BB = 40, Bb = 102, bb = 16

Explanation / Answer

Allele frequency estimation

Genotype

Freequency

Allele B

Allele b

Total

BB

40

80

0

80

Bb

102

102

102

204

bb

16

0

32

32

Total

158

182

134

316

Allele B or p

= 182/316

= 0.58

Allele b or q

= 134/316

= 0.42

Expected genotype frequencies:

BB

= 0.58*0.58 = 0.332

X 158 = 52

Bb

= 2 *0.58 * 0.42 = 0.488

X 158 = 77

bb

= 0.42 *0.42 = 0.180

X 158 = 28

Null hypothesis :The observed values are not deviating from the expected values.

Test static: Chisquare test:

Category

BB

Bb

bb

Observed values

40

102

16

Exprected Values

52

77

28

Deviation

-12

25

-12

D^2

154.0427

616.1706

154.0427

D^2/E

2.94

7.98

5.42

16.34

X^2

16.34

Degrees of freedom

1

Inference: The calculated chisquare value i.e. 16.34 is greater than the table value i.e. 3.84 at 1 DF and 0.05 probability. Hence the null hypothesis is rejected. which indicates that the population is not in HW equilibrium.

Genotype

Freequency

Allele B

Allele b

Total

BB

40

80

0

80

Bb

102

102

102

204

bb

16

0

32

32

Total

158

182

134

316

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