Use your knowledge of Hardy-Weinberg to address the following questions. First,
ID: 209642 • Letter: U
Question
Use your knowledge of Hardy-Weinberg to address the following questions. First, calculate (show calculations) the actual frequencies of the two allele (B and b) and give frequencies p and q. Then calculate the expected Hardy-Weinberg ratios of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive geneotypes. Compare these calculated genotypic frequencies to the given actual genotypic frequencies, and justify if the population is in equilibrium or not.
Genetic analysis shows the number of individuals for each geneotype are as follows: BB = 40, Bb = 102, bb = 16
Explanation / Answer
Allele frequency estimation
Genotype
Freequency
Allele B
Allele b
Total
BB
40
80
0
80
Bb
102
102
102
204
bb
16
0
32
32
Total
158
182
134
316
Allele B or p
= 182/316
= 0.58
Allele b or q
= 134/316
= 0.42
Expected genotype frequencies:
BB
= 0.58*0.58 = 0.332
X 158 = 52
Bb
= 2 *0.58 * 0.42 = 0.488
X 158 = 77
bb
= 0.42 *0.42 = 0.180
X 158 = 28
Null hypothesis :The observed values are not deviating from the expected values.
Test static: Chisquare test:
Category
BB
Bb
bb
Observed values
40
102
16
Exprected Values
52
77
28
Deviation
-12
25
-12
D^2
154.0427
616.1706
154.0427
D^2/E
2.94
7.98
5.42
16.34
X^2
16.34
Degrees of freedom
1
Inference: The calculated chisquare value i.e. 16.34 is greater than the table value i.e. 3.84 at 1 DF and 0.05 probability. Hence the null hypothesis is rejected. which indicates that the population is not in HW equilibrium.
Genotype
Freequency
Allele B
Allele b
Total
BB
40
80
0
80
Bb
102
102
102
204
bb
16
0
32
32
Total
158
182
134
316
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