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Two cars A and B slide on an icy road as they attempt to stop at a traffic light

ID: 2058085 • Letter: T

Question

Two cars A and B slide on an icy road as they attempt to stop at a traffic light . Take Ma=876 kg, Mb=2600kg, and the friction coefficient between the locked wheels of either car and the road equal to 0.0858. Car A succeeds in coming to rest at the light , but car B cannot stop and rear-ends car A. After the collision the cars slide to rest 29.2m and 7.8m beyond of the impact point, respectively for car A and car B. Both drivers had their brakes throughout the incident . Find the speed at which car B hit car A. Hint : use the skid distance to find the speed of each car just after the impact and use the law of conservation of linear momentum. ( Note that the latter does not strictly apply because of the wheel-road friction forces present during the collision.
please round the final answer to 5significant fig.

Explanation / Answer

Car A :

Vf^2 - Va^2 = 2as

Substituting values,

0 - Va^2 = 2(a)(29.2)

-Va^2 = 58.4a -----------------------------(1)

By definition,

f = coeff of friction * normal force
f = 0.0858(876)(9.8)

As f = ma

0.0858(876)(9.8) =876a
a = 0.84084 m/sec^2

Substituting a =0.84084 in Equation 1,

-Va^2 = 58.4(-0.84084)

Va^2 = 49.105056
Va = 7.00749998 m/sec.


Car B,

As coefficient of friction for either car is the same, then each car will be accelerating at the same magnitude.

Vf^2 - Vb^2 = 2(-0.84084 )(7.8)
0 - Vb^2 =13.117104
Vb = 3.621754271 m/sec.

Using conservation of momentum,

MaV1 + MbV2 = MaVa + MbVb

where

V1 = velocity of a car A just before impact = 0 (since car A was already stopped)

V2 = speed of car B just before impact

Substituting values,

876(0) + 2600V2 = 876(7.00749998) + 2600(3.621754271)
2600V2 = 15555.13109
V2 = 5.98274273

V2 = 5.98274 m/sec. (speed of car B just before impact)

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