2. Short response (max 2 sentences each IN YOUR OWN WORDS) A. (2pts) Phalloidin

Question

2. Short response (max 2 sentences each IN YOUR OWN WORDS) A. (2pts) Phalloidin is an actin stabilizer, and cytochalasin is an actin depolymerizer, yet drugs lead to loss of actin-based motility. How can these two drugs with opposite molecular effects lead to the same phenotype? both B. (2pts) Please describe the cycle of myosin conformations and actin-binding states that occur in the sarcomere during muscle contraction (i.e. the cross-bridge cycle). Actin-based cell motility requires both pushing and pulling forces. C. (2pts) How and where is the pushing force generated? You should include the function of Arp2/3 in your response. (2pts) How and where is the pulling force generated? You should refer to myosin in your sponse

Explanation / Answer

Answer:
Phalloidin belongs to phallotoxin.It is found in mushroom (death cap).It binds and stabilizes to F-actin(filamentous) actin and eliminate depolymerization of actin fibres. It is bicycloheptapeptide and slow poison. Phalloidin damages the liver cells.
On the hand, Cytochalasins are metabolites (fungal).It has the ability to block polymerization and bind to filamentous actin and its elongation.Due to inhibition of actin polymerization, it can change cellular morphology, inhibit cell division, even cause cell apoptosis and permeate cell membrane.

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