1. Prions are infectious proteins that cause normal proteins in the brain to mis

Question

1. Prions are infectious proteins that cause normal proteins in the brain to misfold. (Points: 1)
True
False


2. Bacterial pathogens cause symptoms of a disease by invading host cells or by producing toxins that damage host cells. (Points: 1)
True
False


3. Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus? (Points: 1)
rabies
Lyme disease
syphilis
toxic shock syndrome
tuberculosis


4. Bacteria are helpful to humans in many ways, including (Points: 1)
production of antibiotics
breakdown of raw sewage
production of soy sauce
production of vitamins for the human body
all of the above


5. Prions: (Points: 1)
are proteins that are capable of replicating themselves.
are believed to be the pathogen that causes variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
are normal brain proteins that have an incorrect shape.
are resistant to high temperatures and drying.
all of the above


6. There is no cure for genital herpes (Points: 1)
True
False


7. Which of the following is not true regarding gonorrhea? (Points: 1)
In addition to the genitalia, the disease can be transmitted to the mouth, throat, and eyes.
Antibiotic-resistant strains of N. gonorrhoeae have recently emerged.
Most infected women do not show symptoms of infection.
Unlike chlamydia, gonorrhea cannot be transmitted to a child during birth.
Symptoms in infected males include painful urination and a discharge of pus from the urethra.


8. Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be cured by the use of antibiotics? (Points: 1)
genital herpes
AIDS
pubic lice
gonorrhea
hepatitis B


9. The EnvID framework proposed by Eisenberg encompasses three interlocking components: environment, transmission, and disease. (Points: 1)
True
False


10. Which of the following statements is not true? (Points: 1)
Infectious diseases are commonly grouped according to scientific taxonomy or clinical symptoms, which correspond reliably to environmental drivers.
Transmission models elucidate the relationships governing the creation and distribution of risks by disentangling individual- and population-level effects.
Altering the pattern of connections between exposed and unexposed individuals may impact the level of infection within a population more so than altering the exposure status of individuals in that population.
If a core group is sustaining infection in a larger group, targeting interventions based on individual-level risk factors will not, in general, address the principal cause of disease.


11. Microbes in the small intestine and in the large intestine are required to complete the digestion process. (Points: 1)
True
False


12. Selection criteria for a probiotic lactic acid bacteria includes all but which of the following? (Points: 1)
Exerts a beneficial effect on the host
Good shelf life
Antimicrobial properties towards pathogens
Significant research to back up the claims


13. An emerging infectious disease is defined as a new, re-emerging, or drug-resistant infection whose incidence in humans has increased within the past two decades or whose incidence has threatened to increase within the near future (Points: 1)
True
False


14. Most surveillance systems are passive and disease specific. (Points: 1)
True
False


15. Cyanide is the most acutely toxic substance known. (Points: 1)
True
False

Explanation / Answer

1. Prions are infectious proteins that cause normal proteins in the brain to misfold. (Points: 1)
True



2. Bacterial pathogens cause symptoms of a disease by invading host cells or by producing toxins that damage host cells. (Points: 1)
True



3. Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus? (Points: 1)
rabies

syphilis



4. Bacteria are helpful to humans in many ways, including (Points: 1)
production of antibiotics
breakdown of raw sewage
production of soy sauce
production of vitamins for the human body
all of the above


5. Prions: (Points: 1)
are proteins that are capable of replicating themselves.
are believed to be the pathogen that causes variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
are normal brain proteins that have an incorrect shape.
are resistant to high temperatures and drying.
all of the above


6. There is no cure for genital herpes (Points: 1)
True
False


7. Which of the following is not true regarding gonorrhea? (Points: 1)
In addition to the genitalia, the disease can be transmitted to the mouth, throat, and eyes.
Antibiotic-resistant strains of N. gonorrhoeae have recently emerged.
Most infected women do not show symptoms of infection.
Unlike chlamydia, gonorrhea cannot be transmitted to a child during birth.
Symptoms in infected males include painful urination and a discharge of pus from the urethra.


8. Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be cured by the use of antibiotics? (Points: 1)
genital herpes
AIDS
pubic lice
gonorrhea
hepatitis B


9. The EnvID framework proposed by Eisenberg encompasses three interlocking components: environment, transmission, and disease. (Points: 1)
True
False


10. Which of the following statements is not true? (Points: 1)
Infectious diseases are commonly grouped according to scientific taxonomy or clinical symptoms, which correspond reliably to environmental drivers.
Transmission models elucidate the relationships governing the creation and distribution of risks by disentangling individual- and population-level effects.
Altering the pattern of connections between exposed and unexposed individuals may impact the level of infection within a population more so than altering the exposure status of individuals in that population.
If a core group is sustaining infection in a larger group, targeting interventions based on individual-level risk factors will not, in general, address the principal cause of disease.


11. Microbes in the small intestine and in the large intestine are required to complete the digestion process. (Points: 1)
True





13. An emerging infectious disease is defined as a new, re-emerging, or drug-resistant infection whose incidence in humans has increased within the past two decades or whose incidence has threatened to increase within the near future (Points: 1)
True
False


14. Most surveillance systems are passive and disease specific. (Points: 1)
True



15. Cyanide is the most acutely toxic substance known. (Points: 1)
True

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