?MM-10 CH-42 Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity The Basics of Nuclear Reactions T

Question

?MM-10 CH-42 Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity The Basics of Nuclear Reactions T 218 Learning Goal Previous To understand how to balance nuclear reactions and calculate reaction energies Correct A nuclear reaction is represented by an equation similar to the equation for a chemical reaction. An example of a nuclear reaction is the decay of radium into radon by the emission of an alpha particle (a helium nucleus). The equation for this reaction is Part B What is the atomic numbe Express your answer as View Available Hint(s) The superscript preceding each element indicates the nucleon number of that particular nucleus (total number of protons and neutrons). The subscript indicates the charge of the nucleus, which is equal to the atomic number for nuclei. Nuclear reactions frequently involve electrons (sometimes called beta rays) and photons (sometimes called gamma rays). Electrons, which have nucleon number 0 and charge-1, are represented in equations as either 3 ß or-ge. Photons are represented as 0 to emphasize that they have no nucleon number and carry no charge. 84 Previous A Correct You can look in a pe In nuclear reactions, several conservation laws are usually sufficient to determine the products or reactants. One of these is conservation of nucleon number. The total number of neutrons and protons in all of the reactants must be the same as the total number of protons and neutrons in the products. Although protons and neutrons sometimes change into one another neither can simply disappear. Another important conservation law is conservation of charge. The net charge of the reactants must be the same as that of the products. In parts C and D consider the de Notice that, in our equation for the decay of radium, the sum of the nucleon numbers on each side is 226 and the sum of the charges on each side is 88. If you knew everything in this equation except the isotope of radon produced, you could simply subtract 4 from 226 to find the nucleon number required to make the nucleon number of the products equal the nucleon number of the reactants. Similarly, if you knew everything in this equation except for the identity of the product element, you could simply subtract 2 from 88 and then look in a periodic table to find that the element with atomic number 86 is radon. Part What is the charge of the em Express your answer as an

Explanation / Answer

Using conservstion of charge, we can find the charge on particle X.

Charge must add to 19. So charge on x = 20 - 19 = 1

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