The minimum length for this assignment is 1,200 words. Be sure to check your Tur

Question

The minimum length for this assignment is 1,200 words. Be sure to check your Turnitin report for your post and to make corrections before the deadline of 11:59 pm Mountain Time of the due date to avoid lack of originality problems in your work.

Eukaryotic cells are more structurally advanced than prokaryotic cells. Describe the structure and function of each of the eukaryotic organelles. Distinguish between those that are and are not membranous. Explain the importance of membrane structure and function in the organization of living processes within cells.

Explanation / Answer

From the above difference we can conclude that the eukaryotic cells are more structurally advance.

single-membrane compartment

Now non membraned organelles - ribosome and centrosome.

Ribosomes

It is round-shaped organelles , Its function is synthesizing protein in the cell .

Location : Some of them present free in cytoplasm ( single or in clusters ) where they produce and release protein directly into cytoplasm which the cell uses it in its vital processes as growth , regeneration and others .

Centrosome

location : It is located near the nucleus in the animal cells ( except the nerve cells ) and in some fungi cells , It is not present in cells of plants , algae and most fungi , where these cells contain a region of cytoplasm performing the same function instead .

Structure : It consists of two tiny particles called centrioles which are named the Centrosome , Each centriole consists of 9 groups of microtubules arranged in triples in a cylinderical shape .

Functions : It plays an important role in formation of the flagella and cilia & the cell division , where the spindle filaments extend between the two centrioles present at each pole of the cell , So , these centrioles withdraw the chromosomes towards the poles of cell .

Now finally the advantage of membraned organelles are they are fully separates from the cytosome. And they just playing their own role. There was no confusion about their own function. They not interfere about the other organelles funtion. But they can influence others acitivity.

Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell Nucleus Present Absent Number of chromosomes More than one One--but not true chromosome: Plasmids Cell Type Usually multicellular Usually unicellular (some cyanobacteria may be multicellular) True Membrane bound Nucleus Present Absent Example Animals and Plants Bacteria and Archaea Genetic Recombination Meiosis and fusion of gametes Partial, undirectional transfers DNA Lysosomes and peroxisomes Present Absent Microtubules Present Absent or rare Endoplasmic reticulum Present Absent Mitochondria Present Absent Cytoskeleton Present May be absent DNA wrapping on proteins. Eukaryotes wrap their DNA around proteins called histones. Multiple proteins act together to fold and condense prokaryotic DNA. Folded DNA is then organized into a variety of conformations that are supercoiled and wound around tetramers of the HU protein. Ribosomes larger smaller Vesicles Present Present Golgi apparatus Present Absent Chloroplasts Present (in plants) Absent; chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm Flagella Microscopic in size; membrane bound; usually arranged as nine doublets surrounding two singlets Submicroscopic in size, composed of only one fiber Permeability of Nuclear Membrane Selective not present Plasma membrane with steroid Yes Usually no Cell wall Only in plant cells and fungi (chemically simpler) Usually chemically complexed Vacuoles Present Present Cell size 10-100um 1-10um

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