Read the below article and answer the following question https://www.ncbi.nlm.ni

Question

Read the below article and answer the following question

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16870782

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3393456/#!po=45.2381

Assignment 1: Please read the following two papers 1) Bactericidal activity of ACH-702 against non-dividing and biofilm staphylococci by Podos et al. 2012. Antimicrobial Agent and Chemotherapy, Vol. 56. pp3812-3818; and 2) Moxifloxacin lethality against mycobacterium tuberculosis in the presence and absence of chloramphenicol.

Question 1: Briefly describe why bacterial endocarditis is difficult to treat. (5-8 sentences)

Question 2: Give two examples of antibiotic treatment against bacterial endocarditis.

Question 3: In this paper (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3393456/#!po=45.2381) figure 5B. a) Which one of the two treatment options is more efficient at killing the ATCC 29213 bacterial strain.: ACH-702 at 16xMIC or Moxifloxacin at 32X MIC? b) What are the corresponding concentrations of drugs (in ug/ml)?

Question 4: Based on this report, if a patient would present a bloodstream infection with the ATCC strain 29213 S. aureus, which of the following antibiotics would you suggest?

a) Moxifloxacin, b) vancomycin, or c) linezolid

Briefly justify your choice, based on data presented in the two documents.

Question 5: To increase the chances of survival of the patient (described above), the physician suggests to target two distinct mechanisms of action, and propose to treat the patient with ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. Do you think that it is a good idea?

Please justify your answer in a few sentences (3-5).

Explanation / Answer

Dont write too much questions in one question it is problematic to answe.

Two examples of antibiotic treatment against bacterial endocarditis - 1. ACH-702, which is a member of the isothiazoloquinolone class, is a potent bactericidal antimicrobial agent with activity against Gram-positive pathogens, including MRSA. Its activity against stationary-phase S. aureus and also against staphylococci under several other conditions of limited growth.ACH-702 retains rapid bactericidal activity against stationary-phase S. aureus cells in a dose-dependent manner, conferring 3-log-unit reductions in cell viability within 6 hours of treatment at drug concentrations of only 16× MIC against the MSSA strain ATCC 29213.

2. Vancomycin at 32× MIC demonstrated no bactericidal activity against stationary-phase S. aureus cells through 24 hours of treatment, although control experiments showed that slow but significant bactericidal activity against exponential-phase cells was conferred by a lower drug concentration, resulting in a 3-log-unit decrease in viability at 24 hours. Similar results were recently reported for vancomycin at 16 g/ml against stationary-phase MSSA ATCC 29213.

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