Patients with CHF usually have _________ stroke volume and pulse pressure at res

Question

Patients with CHF usually have _________ stroke volume and pulse pressure at rest, and abnormally _________ stroke volume and cardiac output during exercise. Arterial __________ are sensitive to both pulse pressure and MAP. Part of the response of this reflex system being diminished with CHF is _________ sympathetic nervsous activity to the kidney. This _________ renal blood flow and GFR, reducing the filtered load of sodium. Either the decreased presure in the renal afferent arteriole because of decreased blood flow, or the decrease in filtered load of sodium causes the release of __________ causing the plasma concentration (30 units/L) to exceed the normal levels. This enzyme catalzyes the formation of angiotensin _________ from __________. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) generates angiotensin ___________ that stimulates the release of _________ from the adrenal cortex. This explains the fluid retention the presented as generalized _________ of the subcutaneous tissues due to increased sodium resorption at the _________tubules of the nephrons.

Explanation / Answer

decreased,increased,pressure, Breuer reflex

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