True/False 6) Mobile resistance genes encode enzymes that inactivate an antibiot

Question

True/False 6) Mobile resistance genes encode enzymes that inactivate an antibiotic by altering its structure. True/False 7) Unlike penicillin, methicillin targets an alternative penicillin binding protein called MecA in nonresistant Staphylococcus aureus True/False 8) Antibiotic-sensitive bacteria sometimes produce cells that are transiently resistant to multiple antibiotics True/False 9) When Mycobacterium tuberculosis is in the dormant state it is still susceptible to antibiotics, rate of death is slower. t the True/False

Explanation / Answer

6) true

Resistance mechanisms are genetically encoded and fall into four classes: (1) modification of the drug target, (2) enzymatic inactivation, (3) removal from the cell via efflux pumps, and (4) metabolic bypasses.
Random chromosomal mutations can lead to antibiotic resistance via modification of the drug target. For example, antibiotic resistance can occur when the target of the antibiotic is no longer essential to the cell's metabolism or survival. A classic example of this is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methicillin is a -lactam antibiotic that targets the activity of penicillin-binding proteins.

7) TRUE

unlike many penicillin derivatives, methicillin is resistant to -lactamase cleavage. MRSA strains contain a DNA chromosomal (or genomic) island called the Staphylococcus chromosomal cassette for methicillin resistance (SCCmec), which encodes an alternative penicillin-binding protein called MecA that is not recognized by methicillin or other -lactams

8) FALSE

9) TRUE

M. tuberculosis enters a dormant state during latent infection that is characterized by a shutdown of most of its metabolism, leading to increased antibiotic tolerance latent infections possibly contain persister cells that are more difficult to treat than active TB normally caused by actively dividing bacill.

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