Lerner et al. 2011. Multilocus resolution of phylogeny and timescale in the exta

Question

Lerner et al. 2011. Multilocus resolution of phylogeny and timescale in the extant adaptive radiation of Hawaiian Honeycreepers Fleischer et al. 2008. Convergent evolution of Hawaiian and Australo-Pacific Honeyeaters from distant songbird ancestors (please use the outline and questions below to guide your class discussion and to help you organize the topics for the 2 page "reaction paper" that examines and compares these two studies) 5) For Lerner et al., use the tree in Figure 2 to describe the location and timing of the branching of three major morphological lineages of Honeycreeper ancestors 6) Explain how Palila, Nihoa Finch, and Laysan Finch are morphologically most similar to Rosefinch, yet are considered a recent divergence 7) Are the three extant Creepers close relatives of each other? 8) The extinction of any bird species is a notable loss, but the recent extinctions of Kauai O' o (early 1980's) and Poo uli (mid 2000's) were particularly important losses to avian phylogenetic diversity. Please explain

Explanation / Answer

Honeycreepers are the birds with small length also called sugar birds or songbirds according to their feeding habita and sound.As per the name they mostly feed on flower nector and fruits.They are native to north America, Central America,Asia,Mexico and Brazil.Finche are believed to be the ancesters of the honeycreepers.Rosamily of efinches are considered to be the closest family of honeycreeppers.

Morphological similarities of Palila,Nihoa and layand finches with Rosefinches

Rosefinches-They are 5.1-6.5 inches in length with dark heavy bill suitable for feeding on seed,nuts and insects in mountain areas.Colored in pinky rose breast and head.Brown colored wings and tail.Females are dull in color compared to bright colored male.

Palila finchs-They are mostly 6-7.5inches in length with small heavy swollen dark bills suitable for feeding on seeds,nuts,berries and insects in mountains.Male colored in bright yellow head and breast with white belly comapred to dull yellow colored female.They have heavy dark fett with yellow under feet.Females are shorter than males.

Nihoa finches-They are 6inches in length with is considered smallest to other species of its type.Colored yellow and brown shaded head and breas.Their bills are stout and sharp to feed on flowers and nuts.

Laysand finches-As indicated above they are some wheat similar in size to Nihoa finches with heavy dark bill to feed on eggs of other birds,insects and flowers.Colored in hellow head and white neck and breast.Females are dull in color compared to males.

As we can see the bill size and the legnth are much similar to each othe.Most of the finches diverged from rosefinches are similar in size and bill size.Their feeding habits are also similar.

The extinction of the Kauoi'O and Poo'uli at MID 1980 AND 2000 was a great loss to the avian diversity becoz it cause the spreding of the epidemivs caused by mosquitos.These mosquito feeding birds help environment control the diseases among humans and animals.The environmrntal calamities and over deforestation had wiped outt their habitat suitable for survival.

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