134. Examine the diagram shown below (taken from your lecture slides). The diagr
ID: 197283 • Letter: 1
Question
134. Examine the diagram shown below (taken from your lecture slides). The diagram shows the response of two crab species (A and B) to changes in the salt concentration of their environment. The arrow and dashed line indicate the approximate concentration of normal seawater. Given the information shown in the diagram, which of the following statements is the most likely to be true? 800 600 400 200 200 400 600 800 Normal seawater conceration Salt concentration of seawater (mM) a) Crab B probably lives in a habitat that is naturally more osmotically variable than that of crab A. b) Both crabs can osmoregulate. c) Neither crab can osmoregulate (but because they are marine invertebrates they probably do d) Crab A is able to osmoregulate in conditions where the salt concentration is more dilute than ionoregulate). normal seawater. Crab B is unable to osmoregulate in any environment. 135. Which one of the following statements is FALSE a) Marine invertebrates are typically osmoconformers b) Marine invertebrates are typically ionoregulators. c) Freshwater invertebrates have a tendency to lose water to their environment. d) Marine vertebrates have a tendency to lose water to their environment. 136. Which one of the following best describes a case of osmoregulation? a) b) c) d) Body fluids that are iso-osmotic with the external environment Discharge of excess water in a hypo-osmotic environment Excretion of salt in a hypo-osmotic environment Expenditure of energy to convert ammonia to a less toxic waste 137. Ammonia (or ammonium) is excreted by most a) bony fishes. b) organisms that produce shelled eggs. c) adult amphibians. d) land snails.Explanation / Answer
Ans 134) d) The crab A is able to osmoregulate in conditions where the salt conc is more diltre than normal sea-water. Crab B is unable to osmoregulate in an environment. It is because in Crab A the concentration of body fluids is higher as the concentration of the sea-water increases.
Ans 135)
The freshwater interverbrates have the tendency to take in or drink too much water. They take in less water and excrete lot of water in the urine and obtains salts and minerals from the food intake.
In order for an organism to survive and maintain the body fluids, it requires the process of osmoregulation to throw out excess water.
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