*Pasteurization requires a. vaccinating animals to protect them against Mycobact

Question

*Pasteurization requires

a. vaccinating animals to protect them against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

b. the use of heat to kill most of the microorganisms found in liquids such as milk to preserve their taste

c. use of closed containers to prevent the spoilage of food

d. the use of heat to kill most of the microorganisms found in liquids to protect against infectious diseases such as tuberculosis

*The algal blooms that occur in Lake Erie and other bodies of water are primarily caused by

a. Global warming

b. Fertilizer run off from agricultural fields and residential areas

c. Industrial pollution

d. The extinction of aquatic species

e. None of the above

* Which of the following statements about phospholipids is true?

a. are composed molecules that are entirely hydrophilic

b. are composed molecules that are entirely hydrophobic

c. are the principle components of cell membranes

d. have “heads” and “tails” that both have phosphate groups  

*The generation time of a particular bacterial species is 30 minutes. Starting with one cell, how many are there after 4 hours?  

a. 4

b. 8

c. 256

d. none of the above

Explanation / Answer

*Pasteurization requires
d. the use of heat to kill most of the microorganisms found in liquids to protect against infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. Generally used for sterilization.

*The algal blooms that occur in Lake Erie and other bodies of water are primarily caused by
b. Fertilizer run off from agricultural fields and residential areas. The fertilizer contains phosphates nd nutrients that helps in overgrowth.

* Which of the following statements about phospholipids is true?
c. are the principle components of cell membranes. Phospholipds are have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions with a phosphate group only in the head region.

*The generation time of a particular bacterial species is 30 minutes. Starting with one cell, how many are there after 4 hours?
c. 256.
Using the formulae:
Growth Rate = ln(2) / Doubling Time
Final cell count = Initial cell count x egrowth rate x time

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