Sketch the load characteristics for an alternator supplying all three-load types

Question

Sketch the load characteristics for an alternator supplying all three-load types (resistive, inductive and capacitive). Explain why capacitive loads must be avoided.

Explanation / Answer

*If we use capacitive load the stator MMF aid the rotor MMF. It means that in times of capacitive load rotor flux and main field flux are additive. So the alternator voltage increase with capacitance loading. > Synchronous alternators have limited ability to absorb kVAR from load devices, and exceeding this limit will result in generator set shutdown. > Paralleling operations require careful consideration of the loading sequence to prevent reverse var conditions that can damage the generator set. > Consider modifying system sequence of operation or limiting filter operation until adequate loads are in place to prevent reverse kVAR conditions on the genset. > Specify the magnitude of reverse kVAR the genset must be able to absorb, not the power factor alone. > In single generator applications protective devices can be set to the limits of the alternator. In paralleling applications both alternator limits and Var load share limits must be considered.

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