31. An array or a gene chip is essentially a Southern blot because the _________
ID: 191978 • Letter: 3
Question
31. An array or a gene chip is essentially a Southern blot because the ___________.
A. attached molecules are DNA
B. probes are fluorescently labeled
C. molecules to be detected are DNA
D. molecules to be detected are RNA
E. probes to be used are radio-labeled
32. You would like to determine how many genes are expressed in the normal hepatocytes (liver parenchymal cells) of a healthy person and the hepatocytes of an alcoholic. Which of the following blots would you utilize and how many hybridization experiments you must perform to complete the experiment?
A. A Southern blot (membrane-based)/two
B. A Northern blot (membrane-based)/one
C. A microarray/two
D. A gene chip/one
33. Of the two genes, one has a sequence of 5’CCCAUUUGG3’ and another has the sequence 5’CCCAAUUGG3’. You want to distinguish the two genes by Southern blot hybridization. Which of the following parameters you may not have to control?
A. The membrane to be used (nylon membrane versus PVDF membrane)
B. Detergent (i.e. SDS) concentration in the hybridization buffer
C. Presence of non-specific DNA in the hybridization buffer
D. Temperature of the hybridization buffer
34. Solid-phase hybridization is different from solution hybridization because of all these, except______.
A. the former uses probes, the later do not
B. the later may use enzymes, the former don’t
C. the former uses membrane, the later don’t
D. the former immobilize nucleic acids, the later don’t
35. Challenge question: Which of the following is a mismatch?
A. UV radiation: skin cancers, blindness
B. Formalin or formamide: lung cancer
C. Ethidium bromide: DNA mutations
D. Radioisotopes: tumors
E. SDS: skin cancer
36. A cloning vector must _________.
A. be a circular dsDNA molecule
B. contain a replication origin
C. contain an multicloning site (MCS)
D. contain marker genes
37. You cut pUC18 vector DNA with SmaI. You cut the insert DNA with EcoRI. Can you clone the insert into this vector? Note: Examine the recognition/cut sites for Sma I and Eco RI to answer the question.
A. No
B. Yes, without any further modification of the insert.
C. Yes, only after making the insert DNA blunt-ended by S1 nuclease.
38. Vectored cloning is superior to PCR cloning of a gene in terms of __________.
A. time it takes to finish cloning
B. size of DNA that can be cloned
C. amounts of cloned DNA that can be generated
D. ease of isolation of the DNA fragment to be cloned
39. Which of the following is a recombinant DNA molecule?
A. pUC DNA digested by EcoRI
B. Fish insulin gene, PCR amplified and then cut by EcoRI
C. pUC18 DNA and fish insulin DNA ligated by a DNA liagse
D. pUC DNA and fish insulin gene DNA, both cut by EcoRI and mixed
40. You may insert a foreign DNA fragment inside a live cell using each of the following methods except________.
A. inject the DNA inside the cell
B. mix the DNA with the cell and freeze the mixture in liquid nitrogen
C. mix DNA with the cell and momentarily heat the cell then cool down
D. mix DNA with the cell and momentarily zap the cells with a high voltage
E. cover the DNA in a lipid micelle and mix the micelle with the cell
41. Technically, the ampicillin resistance gene is a selectable marker gene but the beta lacZ gene or the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene is a reporter gene of a cloning vector. What is the difference between a selectable marker and a reporter gene?
A. A selectable marker is a bacterial gene, a reporter gene is a eukaryotic gene
B. Marker genes are used in bacterial system; reporter genes are used in eukaryotic system.
C. The selectable markers help eliminate cells lacking the maker, reporter genes do not offer this option.
42. You probably should use _________ vector to clone PCR-amplified DNA and ________ vector for making a genomic DNA library.
A. PCR TOPO TA/ pBAC
B. pUC18/pCR-TOPO TA
C. C. Lambda GT11/ YAC
D. pBAC/lambda GT11
43. You want to use _______ vector to clone short DNA fragments for DNA sequencing and ______ vector for cDNA library construction.
A. pUC18/ Lambda GT11
B. Lambda GT11/PCR TOPO TA
C. PCR TOPOTA/shuttle vector
D. shuttle vector/ YAC
D. Yes, only after making the vector DNA sticky using an exonuclease.
44. A promoter, a terminator, a RBS, a start codon and one or more stop codons are built around the MCS of the ___________ vectors?
A. pBAC and pYAC
B. pUC18 and pCR TOPO
C. vectors used in library construction
D. vectors used in gene expression in bacteria
45. Why are genomic DNA libraries made using BAC vectors and not YAC vectors even though the YAC vector may clone extremely large DNA fragments?
A. Inserting YAC vectors inside the cells is extremely difficult
B. DNA cloned in YAC vectors may get lost because of recombination
C. DNA cloned in YAC vectors gets lost because YAC vectors are unstable
Explanation / Answer
1) Molecules to be detected are DNA - Southern blot is used for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples. Nothern blot is used for detection of RNA. Western blot to detect specific protens and Eastern blot is used to detect post translational modifications (PTM) of proteins.
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