Much of the intracellular structure of a eukaryote cell is involved in protein s
ID: 191847 • Letter: M
Question
Much of the intracellular structure of a eukaryote cell is involved in protein synthesis. The figure shows the amounts of protein in cells at different parts of the cell cycle between two cell divisions. G1 is a stage just after the cell has divided, and G2 is the stage just before the cell divides again. S is a stage when the cell is synthesizing material such as DNA, mitochondria, and other organelles. The graph shows that
A. not all cells at any given stage have the same amount of protein. B. protein used in G1 is recycled to produce protein in S. C. protein levels in cells remain constant throughout the cell cycle. D. at any given time there are more cells in G2 than G1. 1000 Protein distributions G1 Cells S Cells G2 Cells 0Explanation / Answer
The graph shows that (A) not all cells at any given stage have the same amount of protein.
The series of events cells pass through while dividing is collectively called as the cell cycle. Cell cycle consists of four distinct stages.
Gap 1 (G1) phase - This is the stage where the cell synthesis all the protein and mRNAs for the subsequent stages. The cells grow in size at this stage. The duration of G1 phase is different for different cell types. The G1 checkpoint or restriction point is the point at which the cell becomes committed to entering the cell cycle. At the G1 checkpoint, the cells ensure that everything is ready before proceeding to the next stage (S-phase).
S phase - This is the stage where the cells duplicate their genetic material DNA. Precise DNA replication is crucial for producing two identical daughter cells without genetic abnormalities. Any DNA damage occurred during replication is immediately repaired, and a kinase called ATR plays a significant role in DNA damage repair. After replicating the DNA, the cells proceed to the next stage, G2.
G2 phase - G2 phase is the stage where the cell prepares for mitosis. G2 phase is characterized by rapid cell growth and protein synthesis. After G2 phase, the cells undergo Mitosis or M- phase two produce two daughter cells. The exact molecular mechanism behind the G2 to M phase is not very well known, but there exists a G2/M checkpoint or DNA damage checkpoint to ensure that the integrity of DNA.
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