In an outbreak of varicella (chickenpox) in Oregon in 2002, varicella was diagno
ID: 190547 • Letter: I
Question
In an outbreak of varicella (chickenpox) in Oregon in 2002, varicella was diagnosed in 18 of 152 vaccinated children compared with 3 of 7 unvaccinated children. Assuming we can follow this group of children like both a CaseControl and a Cohort study, answer the following questions.
A. Using the data in Table 2 below, calculate: 1. The odds of contracting chickenpox among vaccinated children.
2. The odds of contracting chickenpox among nonvaccinated children.
3. The odds ratio of contracting chickenpox among the two groups.
4. The incidence (attack rates) ofcontracting chickenpox among vaccinated children.
5. The incidence of contracting chickenpox among nonvaccinated children.
6. The relative risk of contracting chickenpox for the group of children.
B. Interpret in a sentence or two, using the information from the examples above:
1. The odds ratio.
2. The relative risk.
Table 2. Incidence of varicella among schoolchildren in 9 affected classrooms, Oregon 2002.
Varicella (got sick) Control (stayed healthy) Total
Vaccinated 18 134 152
Unvaccinated 3 4 7
Total 21 138 159
Explanation / Answer
Answer :- odds ratio is a measure of association between an exposure and outcome. It generally represents the odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, as compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure.
Relative risk is the ratio of probability of an event occurring in an exposed group to the probability of event occurring in a comparison relative to non exposed group.
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