multiple choice questions ( Question may have more than one answer ) 21. Mark th

Question

multiple choice questions ( Question may have more than one answer )

21. Mark the correct combination (technique- detection method): a. Sequencing -capillary electrophoresis b. DHPLC- fluorescent microscope c. Karyotyping - optical microscopy d. Taqman-assays based real time PCR - gel electrophoresis e. DHPLC- gel electrophoresis 22. Which of the following may contribute to cancer development? Nonsense mutation in the MSH2 gene a. b. c. d. Deletion of TATA sequence near c-myc Frameshift mutation within the n-myc gene None of the above answers are correct 23. Malignant astrocytoma a. Don't give metastases b. c. d. e. Are characterized by rapid rate of growth Can be caused by somatic mutations in specific genes Has to be removed by surgery as soon as possible Can be caused by germline mutations in specific genes 24. Which of the following mutations in the c-ras gene can lead to a cancer: a. TATA insertion near the first exon b. Deletion of this whole gene c. Insertion of two nucleotides in the first exon d. Substitution of four nucleotides in the first exon

Explanation / Answer

22] Option [c] Frameshift mutation within the n-myc gene

Reason- Such mutations cause a change in the coding sequence of a protein which can ultimately result in the disruption of the biochemical process of a cell. It can lead to development of cystic fibrosis and some forms of cancer

23] Options [b] are characterised by rapid growth rate, and

[c] can be caused by somatic mutations in specific genes

Reason--- Malignant astrocytoma are a type of brain tumour which can occur to people of any age group. They originate in the brain ; in the astrocyte cells which are present between the neurons in the brain. Most probably the start after a mutation in a gene. It is quite difficult to treat these tumours or to surgically remove them because they do not have clear boundaries. Also , these tumours return back and that too in a more advanced stage after a surgery.

24] Options [c] Insertion of 2 nucleotides in the first exon , and

[d] Substitution of 4 nucleotides in the first exon

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