Sickle-cell Anemia Study Sickle-cell anemia or Sickle-cell aiseas, ik a heredlit

Question

Sickle-cell Anemia Study Sickle-cell anemia or Sickle-cell aiseas, ik a heredlitary disorder, characteriged by an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying molecule in erythrocytes. Sickle-cell conditions have an autosomal recessive patem sickle cell defect is a mutation of asingl le nucleotide of the hemoglobin gene, which results in glutamic acid being of inheritance from parents. acid at position cei isease (sickle cell anemia) occurs when a person inherits two abnormal copies of the. bemoglobin one from each parent ces. A person with a single abnormal This causes the cells to assume an abnormal sickle-Itke shape under certain have sickle-cell trait. to the adaptive advantage of the heterozygote, the disease is still prevalent, especially among people with recent ancestry in areas where malaria is found. Plasmodium, the malaria parasite has a complex life cyele and spends mach of it in red blood cells. In a carrier, the presence of the malaria parasite causes the red bloot cells with defective hemoglobin to rupture prematurely, making the lase, a m parasite unable to reproduce. Therefore,in areas where malaria is a problem, an individual's chances of survival actually increase if they carry (are heterozy gous for) sickle-cell trait A genetic testing result table with the DNA triplets of four patients is provided below. One of the patients has symptoms showing sickle cell anemia. In the process of doing genetic testing of the patients, you discover that another patient is a carrier (has sickle cell trait) A U Position 6 ONA alleles Person 1 CTT/CTT Person 2 CTT /CTC Person 3 | CT / CAT Person 4 CAT/CAT Position6 mRNAS Position 6 Amino acids Person 1 SAA GAA Person 2 AA/ GAG Person 3 GRA/ GUA Person 4 GUA/ GUA Person 1 Person 2 Person 3 Person 4 12. Which amino acid is present (at position 6) in the individual with sickle cell anemia a) glutamic acid c) alanine glycine 13. Which person has sickle-cell anemia. a) Person #1 c) Person#3 Person #2 Person 44 b) 14. Which person has the sicklè trait a) Person #1 b) Person#2 d) Person #4 Person #3 Why are persons 1 and 2 still making the same amino acid )changes in the third nucleotide of a codon may not cause a change in the product functions associated with DNA polymerase will restore the original base c) they have the same codons d) changes in the third nucleotide of a codon never cause a change in the product

Explanation / Answer

12. The amino acid Valine remain present at position 6 instead of the glutamic acid present in the individual with sickle cell anaemia, The alteration is the basis of all the problems that occur in this disease. Valine makes the haemoglobin molecules stick together, forming long fibres that distort the shape of RBC and this brings on an attack.

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