Human Factors Engineering: Mini Exam IV Written Resopnse (question @ 30 points)

Question

Human Factors Engineering: Mini Exam IV Written Resopnse (question @ 30 points) expert in a domain, what goes on in the mind? How does an expert perceive a situation differently than a As a person nscuss the process of chunking" as it pertains to the acquisition expertise. As a person progresses from a gains expertise what happens with regards to how a person processes information and makes novice to novice? decisions? It is safe to assume a person becomes more efficient at processing information, but why? Finally, how does expertise impact the quality of decisions? (35 pts)

Explanation / Answer

(1) Our minds can store larger numbers of facts in short-term memory by creating chunks. For example, most of us will remember a word we read as a single item, rather than as a sequence of letters. Similarly, the pattern made by five spots on cards or dice is remembered as a whole rather than as five separate pieces of information. Chunks allow us to manage larger problems, but can also mislead us if we mis-identify something, i.e., see it as something it isn’t. when a person progress from novice to expert he or she feels what their goal should be, what to do about it, and what should happen as a result. They’re emotionally involved and invested in the whole process.

(2)The ability of experts to offer solutions so quickly, or base their ability as a basis of intuition is an example of the role of productions. Evidence for the use of productions is implied by the fact that experts of various disciplines use a forward search approach as opposed to a backward search approach-characterized by novices-when solving problems. The forward search approach suggests that experts use productions that are based on pattern recognition. Additionally, regardless of the capacity of STM, chunks explain why experts are able to remember larger amounts of information in such a short amount of time. The reason for this phenomena is that experts, unlike novices, do not store the information as separate units in their STM, but store the chunks that have been established in their LTM.

(3)when a person gains expertise he knows what’s important and what isn’t and what they should focus on entirely intuitively. They don’t need to choose what to focus on and don’t need rules for it, they just know what’s important for setting their goals and devising a method.The expert intuitively knows what they should do and does it. They don’t need to explain the reasons, they can recognize it as they can recognize the face of a friend.

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