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Water flows in a 8-m-wide rectangular channel that has a longitudinal slope of 0

ID: 1844999 • Letter: W

Question

Water flows in a 8-m-wide rectangular channel that has a longitudinal slope of 0.0001. The channel has an equivalent sand roughness of 2 mm. Calculate the uniform flow depth in the channel when the flow rate is 15 m3/s. Use the Darcy-Weisbach equation. Water flows in a 8-m-wide rectangular channel that has a longitudinal slope of 0.0001. The channel has an equivalent sand roughness of 2 mm. Calculate the uniform flow depth in the channel when the flow rate is 15 m3/s. Use the Darcy-Weisbach equation.

Explanation / Answer

Given data:

Width of the rectangular channel = 8 m.

Slope (s) = 0.0001.

Equivalent sand roughness = 2 mm (or) 0.002 m.

Flow rate = 15 m3/s

Solution:

Darcy - Weisbach law is generally applicable for Head loss in closed channel flow, but still there is a relation between manning's coefficient and Darcy - Weisbach friction coefficient.

Darcy - Weisbach Equation for head loss = (1/f) *(L/D)*(U2/2g)

Here,

f - Friction loss coefficient

L - Length of the channel

D - Diameter

U - velocity of fluid

g - gravitational force

Mannings formulae relates velocity of fluid in open channel,

U = (1/n)*(R(2/3))*(S(1/2))

Here, n - Mannings coefficient,

R - Hydraulic mean depth,

S - slope of the channel,

In darcy-weisbach equation, Friction coeficient (f) = 1/(1.2+(2.03*log(R/Equivalent sand size))2).

If we compare friction coefficient with mannings coefficient (n),

(1/n) = (1/(4*f)(1/2))*(2*g),

From above equation,

n = (0.038*(d(1/6)))

For 2 mm Equivalent sand roughness, n = 0.0135.

R = (A/P)

A = 8*D, Here, D - Depth of flow,

P - Wetted Perimeter - (8 +(2*D))

R = ( 8*D)/(8+(2*D)

U = Q/A

Q/A = (1/0.0135)*(8d/(8+(2*D)))(2/3)* (0.0001)(1/2)

Q/A = (15/ 8*D)

(15/ 8*D) = (1/0.0135)*(8d/(8+(2*D)))(2/3)* (0.0001)(1/2)

By solving the above equation by trial and error method, by using calculator with a configuration of fx-991 ES (or) fx 991 MS (or) equivalent,

We will get Depth of 2.06 m

Conclution: Uniform flow depth in the given open channel flow = 2.06 m