47. Which of the following statements describes one of the three steps of survei
ID: 181820 • Letter: 4
Question
47. Which of the following statements describes one of the three steps of surveillance used for infectious diseases?
a. Patients with infectious diseases are required to be seen by a physician at the CDC.
b. Physicians are required to submit all patient records electronically to the CDC for
review.
c. Patient charts are reviewed by an infection control practitioner when an infectious
disease is suspected.
d. Incidence data is collected in all cases of bacterial infections within the United States.
48. Which of the following lists correctly identifies nosocomial infections from most common to least common?
a. urinary tract, pneumonia, septicemia
b. pneumonia, urinary tract, surgical wounds
c. septicemia, surgical wounds, diarrhea
d. diarrhea, urinary tract, pneumonia
49.b
50. A nurse working in a large hospital harbors MRSA as part of the normal microbiota in his nose. He is most likely the source of a MRSA outbreak if
a. infected patients have all had been cared for by this nurse and the isolates are identical.
b. the patients are all elderly and the isolates of MRSA are not genetically identical.
c. all of the infected patients were seen by the same physician and half of the patients were
cared for by this nurse.
d. all of the infected patients are on the same floor of the hospital and all have a history of
heart problems.
51. Which of the following is NOT an example of aseptic technique?
a. use of antiseptic on skin prior to insertion of an IV line
b. use of latex gloves during the insertion of an indwelling catheter
c. disinfection of doorknobs and other inert surfaces
d. use of trash can liners in all patient rooms
52. An individual case of diphtheria, a notifiable infectious disease, in a patient in Florida is confirmed by laboratory testing. This patient’s physician would be required to
a. send a letter to the WHO in Geneva, Switzerland.
b. contact the CDC in Atlanta, Georgia.
c. treat the patient regardless of health insurance status.
d. quarantine the patient for eight weeks.
53. Fifteen individuals within one province in China are diagnosed with SARS. Epidemiologists will most likely
a. quarantine the entire province immediately.
b. contact the CDC in the United States to see if any cases were reported in the United
States.
c. wait to see if more cases of SARS are reported.
d. try to identify the index case.
54. How does vaccinating wild rodents or poultry influence human health?
a. Vaccinating wild rodents or poultry has no effect on human health.
b. Vaccinating wild rodents or poultry reduces transmission of zoonotic diseases to
humans.
c. Vaccinating wild rodents or poultry reduces the migration of microbes into temperate
regions.
d. Vaccinating wild rodents or poultry increases the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.
55. Which of the following scenarios would help meet the goal of the One Health Initiative?
a. vaccinating poultry against avian influenza to prevent influenza from being transmitted
to humans
b. taking steps to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to reduce the effects of climate change
c. providing sanitation after flooding events to prevent gastrointestinal infections in humans
d. increasing compliance during antibiotic treatment of tuberculosis patients to prevent
emergence of drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis
56. If humans continue to develop rapid transportation systems into more parts of the world, we should expect to see
a. pandemics tracing the path of the transportation systems.
b. an increase in detection of blood-borne pathogens.
c. a decrease in human encroachment into tropical rain forests.
d. an increase in the spread of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.
57. How has the AIDS pandemic influenced reemerging diseases?
a. AIDS has increased the number of immunocompromised individuals who are susceptible
to diseases that were previously declining in developed countries.
b. AIDS has led to an increase in the number of disease vectors throughout the world.
c. AIDS has increased the prevalence of protozoal and parasitic infections that were
declining in underdeveloped countries.
d. AIDS has caused evolution to occur in diseases that were close to being eradicated in all
countries.
58. Which of the following is likely to occur as a result of climate change?
a. Insect vectors will migrate from tropical regions to once-temperate regions.
b. Gastrointestinal infections will decrease in tropical regions.
c. Microbes currently found in temperate regions will move to tropical regions.
d. Extreme weather will decrease and diseases will become less seasonal.
59. What features would allow a virus to be used effectively as a bioweapon?
a. a high infectious dose c. person-to-person transmission
b. transmission via an insect vector d. quick pathogen detection systems
Explanation / Answer
47. Incidence data is collected in all cases of bacterial infections within the United States.
48. pneumonia, urinary tract, surgical wounds
50. infected patients have all had been cared for by this nurse and the isolates are identical.
51. use of latex gloves during the insertion of an indwelling catheter
52. treat the patient regardless of health insurance status.
53. quarantine the entire province immediately.
54. Vaccinating wild rodents or poultry reduces transmission of zoonotic diseases to humans.
55 increasing compliance during antibiotic treatment of tuberculosis patients to prevent
emergence of drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis
56. an increase in the spread of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.
57. AIDS has increased the number of immunocompromised individuals who are susceptible
58. Microbes currently found in temperate regions will move to tropical regions.
59. person-to-person transmission
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