Human geneticists illustrate the inheritance of a gene within a family by using

Question

Human geneticists illustrate the inheritance of a gene within a family by using a pedigree chart. On such a chart, males are symbolized by a square () ana females are symbolized by a circle (o). People who are affected by a disease are symbolized by a dark circle or square. The pedigree chart below shows inheritance of the gene that causes albinism. A and B represent a couple who had five children, including C and E. Only one of the children, E, was albino. E and her husband had five children, including G. In the pedigree below write the genotypes of the individuals who are labeled with letters, using (A) to represent the dominant allele and (a) to represent the recessive allele. Start by indicating the genotypes of E and F. Then use a Panetta Square to figure out what the genotypes for C and D must be. Next, determine the genotypes of A and B. Finally, determine the genotype of G.

Explanation / Answer

Albinism is said to be a genetic disorder. Albinism is autosomal recessive. sometimes albinism is X-linked recessive. If the individuals are heterozygous, they express normal skin. If the individuals are homozygous recessive for both alleles, they express the disease. If one of the allele is dominant in a gene, they express normal skin. AA is normal, Aa is carrier and aa is affected. If the parents have the genotype..................Aa and Aa then their five children might have the genotypes ..............AA is dominant (normal) Aa is heterozygous (carrier) and aa is affected (homozygous recessive). the phenotypic ratio is................1:2:1 Out of the four one is affected, two are carriers and one is normal. A a a Aa (carrier) aa (affected) A AA (normal) Aa (carrier) Here C..............is heterozygous.............with genotype Aa E..............is having the genotype aa. F..........is having the genotype AA. Due to the presence of dominant alleles in F, all the offspring are heterozygous carriers and none expressed the disease. A A a Aa(carrier) Aa (carrier) a Aa(carrier) Aa(carrier) C is heterozygous..................Aa D is heterozygous ...............Aa A a A AA Aa a Aa aa (affected) The offspring who have affected with the disease, might be either males or females because the mutant allele is autosomal.

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