1. Compare and contrast the similarities and differences: Use a table, bullet-li
ID: 179547 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Compare and contrast the similarities and differences:
Use a table, bullet-list or diagram to compare side-by-side, list similarities on left, differences on right.
a. What are the differences between how Ritalin™ (methylphenidate) and Adderall™ (amphetamine)
act on dopamine to produce the synaptic action in anti-ADHD/ADD medications.
(Explain the different mechanisms of synaptic action, how they alter the synaptic efficacy, differences
in half-life, side-effects.)
b. What are the similarities between how Ritalin™ (methylphenidate) and Adderall™ (amphetamine)
act on dopamine to produce the synaptic action in anti-ADHD/ADD medications.
(Explain the mechanisms of synaptic action, how they alter the synaptic efficacy, differences in halflife, side-effects, and why they have anti-ADHD/ADD property based on the hypothesis of ADHD/ADD, i.e., what is the neurotransmitter deficiency in ADHD/ADD.)
Please answer all the parts of the question
Explanation / Answer
a. Differences between how Ritalin™ (methylphenidate) and Adderall™ (amphetamine) act on dopamine to produce the synaptic action in anti-ADHD/ADD medications.
(Explain the different mechanisms of synaptic action, how they alter the synaptic efficacy, differences
in half-life, side-effects.)
Brand name is Ritalin
It is made up of chemical compound MPH (methylphenidate) (C14H19NO2).
MPH is a chain substituted amphetamine derivative
Brand name is Adderall
It is made up of chemical compound amphetamine (C9H13N)
Primarily it inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine,
increased dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity in the prefrontal cortex will explain its efficacy in ADHD.
2–3 hours
side effects are varied, and severity of side effects depends on its amount or dosage.
Adderall approved by the USFDA is used for long-term therapeutic use.
Generally Adderall involves much larger doses for recreational use of amphetamine , which have a greater risk of serious side effects than dosages used for therapeutic reasons
b. What are the similarities between how Ritalin™ (methylphenidate) and Adderall™ (amphetamine)
act on dopamine to produce the synaptic action in anti-ADHD/ADD medications.
Differences Ritalin™ (methylphenidate) Adderall™ (amphetamine) GeneralBrand name is Ritalin
It is made up of chemical compound MPH (methylphenidate) (C14H19NO2).
MPH is a chain substituted amphetamine derivative
Brand name is Adderall
It is made up of chemical compound amphetamine (C9H13N)
Mode of ActionPrimarily it inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine,
increased dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity in the prefrontal cortex will explain its efficacy in ADHD.
this exerts its behavioral effects by altering the use of monoamines as neuronal signals in the brain, mainly in the catecholamine neurons in the reward and executive function pathways of the brain Biological half-life2–3 hours
D-amphetamine: 9–11 hoursL-amphetamine: 11–14 hours
pH-dependent: 8–31 hours side effects large doses can induce side effects that impair athletic performance, such as rhabdomyolysis and hyperthermia.
side effects are varied, and severity of side effects depends on its amount or dosage.
Adderall approved by the USFDA is used for long-term therapeutic use.
Generally Adderall involves much larger doses for recreational use of amphetamine , which have a greater risk of serious side effects than dosages used for therapeutic reasons
alter the synaptic efficacy noradrenergic-mediated changes are important in the efficacy of ADHD treatment. By Altering the glutamate function via the use of psychostimulants may impair behavioral flexibility. alter the synaptic efficacy byincreasing the availability of dopamineRelated Questions
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