A pilot stuy clinical trial for a breast cancer vaccine is preparing to recruit

Question

A pilot stuy clinical trial for a breast cancer vaccine is preparing to recruit patients for the study. This vaccine contains 9 different fairly short peptides derived from the HER-2/Neu tumor antigen. The vaccine also contains tetanus toxoid peptide as a “class II helper peptide,” and poly I:C which is synthetic double-stranded RNA.

1. What category of tumor antigen does Her-2/Neu belong to?

2. What is the benefit of having 9 different peptides in this vaccine preparation?

3. Specifically, what do you think is the purpose of the poly I:C in this vaccine?

4. Explain some of the challenges to the immune system that tumors may present. Why do some tumors thrive in spite of the immune system?

Explanation / Answer

Ques-1. What category of tumor antigen does Her-2/Neu belong to?

Normally viral antigens are associated with tumors. The given HER2, neu viral Ags associated with the tumor and this is belongs to “class of unmodified self-Ags”. It is is mainly related to tumor receptors such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF) -related receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ErbB2 (HER2, neu) in breast cancer cells.

Ques-2. What is the benefit of having 9 different peptides in this vaccine preparation?

A breast cancer vaccine is preparing to recruit patients for a pilot study. This vaccine contains 9 different fairly short peptides derived from the HER-2/Neu tumor antigen. The benefit of having 9 different peptides in this vaccine preparation and these peptide fragments have mainly associated with “higher potential Th & CTL epitopes” for presentation by major histocompatability complexes (MHC) alleles in vivo and meticulously supports antigen presentation with antigen presenting cells

Ques-3. Specifically, what do you think is the purpose of the poly I:C in this vaccine?

The purpose of poly I:C synthetic double stranded RNA in this vaccine is meticulously useful to activate cytokines and toll like receptors via innate and adaptive immunity. Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly IC) is mainly trigger release of interferons (type I IFNs) as well as proinflammatory cytokines, finally mediates dendritic cell maturation. Recognition of poly I:C is via TLR3 signaling &Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor

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